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Engel v. Vitale
The Engel v. Vitale case ruled that "state officials may not compose an official state prayer and require that it be recited in the public schools of the State at the beginning of each school day"(FindLaw Engel v. Vitale). This affected cultural education because it didn't force anyone to recite quotes from a religion that isn't their own. It allowed people outside of that culture to feel as thought they belong and can excel in this environment. -
Coral Way Bilingual Elementary School
Coral Way Elementary school was the first public school to include a bilingual program. The Cuban revolution sent many Spanish speaking children to flee for Florida and the school needed to add a program to accommodate these students. This changed cultural education because it was one of the first times a school accommodated children outside of their own culture. -
School District of Abington Township, Pennsylvania v. Schempp and Murray v. Curlett
When the case of Engel v. Vitale came back into question, these two cases both resulted in the same decision made -- students shouldn't be required to recite bible verses. This is important influence to cultural education because it allowed schools to remain a welcoming home for students from a variety of cultures. -
Civil Rights Act
On July 12th President Lyndon B. Johnson declared the Civil Rights Act was now a law. Under this law, schools were no longer allowed to segregate any of their students base on "race, religion or national origin"(Civil Rights Act of 1964 www.history.com). This event changed the course of cultural education because it increased the "welcome factor" for people of various cultures in the classroom environment. -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) is a law that is to be followed by United State's schools. Its goal was to provide an equal opportunity for all student's. This influenced cultural education because this further expanded the amount of student's needs that were able to be accommodated for based on their culture. -
Diana v. California State Board
In the case of Diana v. California State Board, it was argued and determined that students that are testing for special education should be tested in their native language. Certain children tested into handicapped IQ levels due to their misunderstanding of the language. This influenced cultural education because it gave an equal opportunity for all cultures and languages. -
Case of Lau v. Nichols
The case of Lau v. Nichols determined that it was unjust to not teach English to non-English speakers. It referred back to the Civil Rights Act to give an equal opportunity to all students. When these students couldn't understand English, and weren't being taught English, they were at a disadvantage. This allowed more cultures to be included in schools and influenced cultural education. -
The Refugee Act of 1980
The Refugee Act of 1980 allowed an increase of immigrants to the United States. When this happened, schools adapted an accommodation for all of these students coming from a variety of backgrounds and any needs that came with them. This helped cultural education because it allowed many cultures and showcased them to all students. -
Proposition 227
Proposition 227 called for a change in school environments. California no longer wanted bilingual schools and instead had English-Second-Language in classes that were primarily English. This encourages these students to learn English and has a negative and positive effect on cultural education. It encourages a melting pot of cultures but gives non-English speakers a disadvantage in school. -
Minorities outnumber Caucasians in K-12 public schools
At the start of the 2014 school-year in the United States history was made. For the first time in US history Caucasians were outnumbered by minority students in the classroom. This was amazing for cultural education because children are exposed to many cultures and a single culture isn't dominating over another.
