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Jan van Calcar, revolutionising the science of human anatomy. He includes an account of a successful experimental tracheotomy for artificial respiration of a canine subject.
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In Berkeley, Gloucestershire, Edward Jenner inoculates a boy with cowpox in the pioneering case of vaccination
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William Burke and William Hare murder 16 victims and sell their bodies to the Edinburgh Medical School for anatomical study
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A dentist in Boston, William Morton, uses ether as an anaesthetic while surgeon John Collins Warren removes a tumour in a patient's neck
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By the time 2030 doctors will have come up with ways for human body parts to be replaced by mechanical "robot" type parts that keep the human alive.
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