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Americn independence
The independence of the United States in 1783 led to the emigration from the United States to British North America (future caanada) of more than 35,000 United Empire Loyalists -
War of 1812
The second wave from Britain and Ireland was encouraged to settle in Canada after the War of 1812, and included British army regulars who had served in the war. The colonial governors of Canada, who were worried about another American invasion attempt and to counter the French-speaking influence of Quebec, rushed to promote settlement in back country areas along newly constructed plank roads within organized land tracts, mostly in Upper Canada (present-day Ontario). -
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The Great Migration
The Great Migration had profound impact on Canadian culture. At the beginning of the Great Migration, the Canadiens, Canadians of French descent, outnumbered those of British descent. By the end of the Great Migration, and even partway through it, the British population was more than double that of the French.Low-cost land grants in 1815 to spur Canadian settlement proffered an economic boom that lasted several decades and attracted more than 800,000 immigrants to Canada. -
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The Amish
About 1,000 Amish people had arrived in Ontario. In fact, there were virtually no Amish left in Europe due to discrimination and the Napoleonic Wars that pushed them to migrate to North America. -
The Act to Regulate Passengers in Merchant Vessels
This act limited the number of immigrants who could be carried on a ship to Canada. It regulated the amount of space given to the passengers and made sure the passengers were suplied with the necessary good for the voyage. -
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Irish famine
The Irish were evicted from their homes and forced to migrate from lack of food and spreading disease. -
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underground railroad
Estimates vary widely, but at least 30,000 slaves, and potentially more than 100,000, escaped to Canada via the Underground Railroad. The largest portion of the groups settled in present day Ontario in the Toronto and Niagra Falls regions. -
Fraser Canyon gold rush
The Chinese first appeared in large numbers in the Colony of Vancouver Island in 1858 as part of the huge migration to that colony from California during the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush. Chinese mining techniques and knowledge turned out to be better in many ways to those of others, including hydraulic techniques, the use of "rockers", and a technique whereby blankets were used as filter for alluvial sand and then burned, with the gold melting into lumps in the fire. -
Dominion Lands Act
•Dominion Lands Act was the 1872 piece of legislation that granted a quarter section of free land (160 acres or 64.7 hectares) to any settler 21 years of age or older who paid a ten–dollar registration fee, lived on his quarter section for three years, cultivated 30 acres (12.1 hectares), and built a permanent dwelling. -
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religous persicusion
After sending scouts to North America in 1873 along with a Mennonite delegation, three groups totaling 1,265 individuals migrated to North America between 1874 and 1879 in response to the new Russian military service law -
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The Trans-Canada Railway
Sir John A. Macdonald, betraying the wishes of his constituency, Victoria, by insisting the project cut costs by employing over 5000 workers (many deserted over the years),Chinese railroad workers were paid a third what black white and native railworkers were making. -
chinese head tax
the gouvernment passed the law where the Chinese immigrating to Canada had to pay 50$ to get into the country this in effect stopped a lot of the immigration to Canada from China. -
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The Last Best West
Eighteen ninety-six marked a dramatic shift in Canadian immigration policy. The new minister of immigration, Sir Clifford Sifton, decided to spare no expense in opening up the Prairies for settlement. He increased advertising abroad and introduced a series of reforms to the Immigration Department in order to make Canada look more attractive and affordable. Thanks to these measures and an economy that was generally booming, more than three million people came to Canada between 1896 and 1914. -
the klondike gold rush
In August 1896, a party led by Skookum Jim Mason discovered gold on a tributary of the Klondike River. After the discovery was publicised in 1897, an estimated 30,000 to 40,000 people braved numerous hardships to reach the Klondike gold fields in the winter and spring of 1897-98. With the influx of American stampeders, the government decided to relieve the North-West Territories' administration from the task of controlling the sudden boom of population and economic activity. -
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The Third Wave
The third wave of immigration coming mostly from continental Europe peaked prior to World War I, with over 400,000 people coming to Canada in 1912
