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Cyrus The Great
-Cyrus The Great freed the slaves.
-Cyrus The Great conquers Babylon
-Cyrus The Great was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire -
The Roman Empire
-The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization.
-As the first emperor, Augustus took the official position that he had saved the Republic, and carefully framed his powers within republican constitutional principles.
-Caracterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean in Europe, Africa, and Asia.The 500-year-old Roman Republic, which preceded it, had been destabilized through a series of civil -
Magna Carta
-The 1215 charter required King John of England to proclaim certain liberties and accept that his will was not arbitrary—for example by explicitly accepting that no "freeman" (in the sense of non-serf) could be punished except through the law of the land, a right that still exists.
-Magna Carta was the first document forced onto a King of England by a group of his subjects, the feudal barons. -
British Petition Of Rights.
-The Petition of Right is a major English constitutional document that sets out specific liberties of the subject that the king is prohibited from infringing.
-Passed on 7 June 1628, the Petition contains restrictions on non-Parliamentary taxation, forced billeting of soldiers, imprisonment without cause, and restricts the use of martial law.
-The first western document giving human rights. -
British Bill of Rights.
-The Bill of Rights[1] is an Act of the Parliament of England passed on 16 December 1689.
-It was a restatement in statutory form of the Declaration of Right presented by the Convention Parliament to William and Mary in March 1689 (or 1688 by Old Style dating), inviting them to become joint sovereigns of England.
-It lays down limits on the powers of the crown and sets out the rights of Parliament and rules for freedom of speech in Parliament. -
American Independence
-America declared indepenndence from the British.
-The names of the signers of the Declaration of Independence were withheld from the public for more than six months to protect the signers. If independence had not been achieved, the treasonable act of the signers would have, by law, resulted in their deaths.
-The Declaration of Independence, signed in 1776, was meant to justify a revolt against the British, with a list of charges against the British king. -
French Revolution
-The French Revolution was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France that had a lasting impact on French history and more broadly throughout Europe.
-French society underwent an epic transformation, as feudal, aristocratic and religious privileges evaporated under a sustained assault from radical left-wing political groups, masses on the streets, and peasants in the countryside.
-A republic was proclaimed in September 1792 and King Louis XVI was executed the next year. -
World War One
-World War I (WWI) was a global war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918.
-One of the long-term causes of the war was the resurgence of imperialism in the foreign policies of the great powers of Europe
-In the 19th century, the major European powers had gone to great lengths to maintain a balance of power throughout Europe, resulting in the existence of a complex network of political and military alliances throughout the continent by 1900. -
Gandhi
-Mahatma Gandhi, was the preeminent leader of Indian nationalism in British-ruled India.
-Employing non-violent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for non-violence, civil rights and freedom across the world.
-Gandhi became famous by fighting for the civil rights of Muslim and Hindu Indians in South Africa, using new techniques of non-violent civil disobedience that he developed. -
The Gandhi–Irwin Pact
-Discontinuation of the civil disobedience movement by the Indian National Congress
-Withdrawal of all prosecutions relating to several types of offenses except those involving violence
-Removal of the tax on salt, which allowed the Indians to produce, trade, and sell salt legally and for their own private use -
World War Two.
-the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis.
- It was the most widespread war in history, with more than 100 million people serving in military units from over 30 different countries.
- it resulted in 50 million to over 75 million fatalities. -
United Nations.
-The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims include promoting and facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, civil rights, civil liberties, political freedoms, democracy, and the achievement of lasting world peace.
-At its founding, the UN had 51 member states.
-The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations. -
Human Rights.
-Human rights are "commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being.
-These rights may exist as natural rights or as legal rights, in local, regional, national, and international law.
-Many of the basic ideas that animated the human rights movement developed in the aftermath of the Second World War and the atrocities of The Holocaust.
