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clovis had united the franks into one kingdom. the strategic alliance between clovis's frankish kingdon and the church marked the start of a partnership between two powerful forces.
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muslim raider from spain at the battle of tours. this battle was highly significant for christian europeans. if the muslims had won, western europe might have become part of the muslim empire. charles martel won the battle, making him a christian hero
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the germen leader otto was crowned in 936. he agrees with the polical veiws of chalemagne and becomes allies with the church
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otto invaded italy on the popes behalf
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the pope reward otto by crowning him king.
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by this time his empire was larger than the byzantine empire and became the most powerful king in western europe
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charlemagne sons was crowed one year after charlemagnes death
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pope leo the 3rd crowned charlemage