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Adolf Hitler Appointed Chancellor
The Nazi Party assumes control of the German state. -
Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service
German law excludes Jews and other political opponents from civil service positions. -
Hitler Abolishes the Office of President
Hitler becomes the absolute dictator of Germany. -
Nuremberg Race Laws
The Nuremberg Laws of 1935 herald a new wave of antisemitic legislation that brings immediate and concrete segregation. -
German Jews’ Passports Declared Invalid
The Reich Ministry of the Interior invalidates all German passports held by Jews. Jews must surrender their old passports, which will become valid only after the letter “J” has been stamped on them. -
Exclusion of Jews from German Economic Life
A new German decree closes all Jewish-owned businesses. -
German Invasion of Poland
Germany invades Poland, initiating World War II in Europe. -
Jewish Badge
All Jews over six years of age in the Reich, Alsace, Bohemia-Moravia and the German–annexed territory of western Poland (called the Warthegau) are ordered to wear an identifying badge. -
Death Penalty for Aiding Jews
German poster, issued during mass deportations to Treblinka, announcing death penalty for aiding Jews who fled the Warsaw ghetto. -
Attempt to Assassinate Hitler
German military officers attempt to assassinate Adolf Hitler in his East Prussian headquarters at Rastenburg. -
Hitler Commits Suicide
Adolf Hitler commits suicide in his bunker in Berlin.