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Battle of the Somme
One of the most catastrophic wars in recent history was World War I. Nearly 10 million soldiers perished as a result of hostilities, greatly exceeding the total number of soldiers killed in all of the previous one hundred years' wars combined. Although precise casualty figures are difficult to come by, it is estimated that 21 million men were wounded in battle. -
Nazi Party Platform
Members of the Nazi Party officially announced their goal to separate Jews from "Aryan" society and to abrogate Jews' political, legal, and civil rights in the 25-point program. "Only a national comrade can be a citizen," according to point 4 of the program. A citizen must be of German ancestry, regardless of faith. -
Beer Hall Putsch
Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party led a coalition group in an attempted coup d'état known as the Beer Hall Putsch on November 8–9, 1923.They wanted to create a new administration to oversee the development of a unified Greater German Reich with race-based citizenship. -
Adolf Hitler Becomes Leader of the Reestablishment Nazi Party
Hitler announces the reorganization of the Nazi Party under his leadership. He delivers the declaration at Munich's Bürgerbräukeller, the same beer hall where he attempted but failed to overthrow the democratically elected government in 1923. -
Anne Frank Born
Anne spent her first five years of life in an apartment on the outskirts of Frankfurt with her parents and older sister, Margot. Anne's father, Otto Frank, moved to Amsterdam in the Netherlands, where he had business connections, after the Nazis seized control in 1933. -
Bela Weichherz Diary Entry
Bela Weichherz, a Slovak Jew, and his wife, Esti, lived in Bratislava, where he worked as a traveling salesman for Philips. Esti gave birth to a daughter, Kitty, in December 1929, and the proud new father kept a diary of her life, including images like this one, to chronicle her development. -
Hitler Campaign Speech
In the German legislative elections of July 1932, the Nazi Party won 230 seats, making it the largest party represented. Modern propaganda techniques, such as vivid visuals and clear statements, assisted in propelling Austrian-born Hitler from obscurity to a major contender in Germany's 1932 elections. -
Franklin D. Roosevelt Elected President
Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945) is elected as the United States' 32nd president. The Great Depression and its ramifications for the United States and the world were Roosevelt's principal concerns during his first term. In 1933, about a quarter of the US workforce was unemployed, totaling more than 11 million individuals. The Roosevelt administration made putting Americans back to work and restoring the economy a top priority.
