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Communitarianism
Promoted by Robert Owen, communitarianism was a means of ensuring workers received the full compensation for their work. Owen had 1,500 employees in his factory that he owned. They made New Lanark the largest cotton manufacturing center at the time. His factory had strict working settings, but a free public education. -
American Colonization Society
The American Colonization Society pushed for the gradual abolition of slavery as well as the colonization of Africa by black Americans. The society's plan was to buy slaves and set them free. They supported them after they arrived on the west coast of Africa and paid for their transportation there as well. They succeeded in founding Liberia, and from there they carried out their plan. -
New Harmony
The utopian settlement of New Harmony was established in 1825. George Rapp-founded Harmony community. Harmony was bought by Robert Owen, who later changed the community's name to New Harmony. Owen's developed New Harmony to create a role-model neighborhood where social equality and education would flourish. -
Temperance Movement
To reduce the amount of drinking in the United States, a movement known as the Temperance Movement was founded in 1826. The movement encouraged moderate alcohol consumption or total abstinence from alcoholic beverages. -
Common School
Common Schools are public, tax-funded school systems that are accessible to all students. Horace Mann, believed that integrating children from all socioeconomic classes in a single educational experience and empowering the less fortunate to climb the social ladder, universal public education could bring equality back to a society that had become divided. He was able to assist and educate numerous children who were unable to further their own education. -
American Anti-Slavery Society
William Lloyd Garrison and Arthur Tappan established the American Anti-Slavery Society as an abolitionist organization. Slavery had to be outlawed right away and without conditions, according to the community. In order to persuade people of slavery's harshness, the group dispatched lecturers throughout the North. The presenters wanted to persuade the audience that slavery was unethical and sinful and should be prohibited. -
Gentleman of Property and Standing
The gentleman of property and status were masses of businesspeople with strong ties to the South who interfered with abolitionist gatherings in Northern cities. William Loyd Garrison, one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society, was led through the streets in 1835 while wearing a rope around his neck. A mob assassinated anti-slavery editor Elijah P. Lovejoy in 1837 as he was defending his newspaper. -
Gag Rule
The House of Representatives was prohibited from taking anti-slavery petitions into consideration by the Gag Rule. Due to the intense anger that aroused among the populace toward the government, it was quickly repealed in 1844. -
Liberty Party
Abolitionists who supported using politics to further antislavery ideals founded the Liberty Party. The American Anti-Slavery Society broke from the Liberty Party, which promoted the abolitionist cause. The party pushed the idea that the Constitution forbade slavery. -
Shakers
In 1747, the Protestant sect known as the Shakers were established in England. With almost 5,000 members, the Shakers reached their pinnacle in the 1840s. The Shakers believed that the two sexes were spiritually equal because they believed that God had a "dual" personality. Their population increased rapidly as a result of conversion campaigns and the adoption of orphans. Also the local economy was thriving, and its woodwork is still highly regarded today. -
Dorothea Dix
A Massachusetts schoolteacher named Dorothea Dix was a strong advocate of treating the insane with more humanity. When Dorothea started working as an educator at the Cambridge Jail in 1841, she was shocked to discover that inmates with mental illnesses were housed without any support or medical attention. Before the Civil War, 28 states developed mental institutions as a result of her work throughout the years. -
Brook Farm
In 1841, the New England transcendentalists founded Brook Farm. They wanted to show that physical and mental activity could co exist. Because of the free time spent to music, dancing, theatrical reading, and discussion, Brook Farm was like an intriguing tiny school. However, most of the visitors at Brook Farm were authors, educators, and ministers. A few years later, Brook Farm was dissolved. -
Woman Suffrage
After the Seneca Falls, women first gained the right to vote, which is known as woman suffrage. Seneca Falls served as the starting point for the next 70-year battle for women's suffrage. The Declaration of Sentiments attacked the entire system of inequity that barred women from accessing jobs, higher education, and other opportunities. -
Oneida
Oneida was a utopian community that John Humphrey Noyes established in upstate New York in 1848. Noyes went very far in his pursuit of the notion that man could attain moral perfection. He argued in his sermons that he had attained such ideal "purity of heart". The severely repressive society of Oneida continued right up till the year 1881. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
In 1852, Harriet Beecher Stowe released her anti-slavery novel Uncle Tom's Cabin. This book documented the difficulties of Tom, a slave who had been sold several times and had to put up with physical abuse from slave traders and his owners. By 1854, this book had sold over a million copies due to its huge success. It portrayed slaves as compassionate people who were at the mercy of owners that tormented and divided their families. -
Summary
Personally I thought that Uncles Tom's Cabin was the most significant. Reading over the chapter and even doing additional reasearch I felt horrified of the stories in Uncle Tom's Cabin. The book made people look at slaves in a new light, and humanized slaves. I feel like this changed a lot of veiws at the time and was revolutionary for the slaves. The slaves were treated more like humans and after this point were given a little bit more freedom.