-
Period: 1800 BCE to 1500 BCE
12 Hebrew tribes settled down in Canaan
under the leadership of Abraham who was led by god -
Period: 1200 BCE to 800 BCE
Etruscants settled down in the Italian Peninsula
-
1020 BCE
12 Jewish tribes united into a state
-
Period: 1000 BCE to 962 BCE
King David of Jewish
his capital was Jerusalem -
776 BCE
Olympic Games
records from Olympic Games started -
753 BCE
foundation of Rome
Romulus and Remus -
750 BCE
archons emerged in Athens
-
621 BCE
Draco wrote down the laws of the polis
-
560 BCE
Pisistratus sized power: the first tyranny
-
510 BCE
Latins revolt against king Tarquin the Proud
-
510 BCE
aristocratic republic in Rome
-magistrates
-consuls
-senate
-Assembly
-dictator
-praetor -
508 BCE
Cleisthenes
-divided Athens into 10 phyle
-created the Boule
-ostracism -
Period: 499 BCE to 479 BCE
Persian wars
-
494 BCE
office of tribune and Plebeian's Assembly
-
Period: 460 BCE to 429 BCE
Pericles - the Golden Age of Athenian Democracy
-
450 BCE
Laws of the Twelve Tables
all free citizens had the right to the protection of law -
367 BCE
economic claims of the plebeinas were put into practice and slavery for debts were abolished
-
Period: 138 BCE to 7 BCE
3 uprsising in Rome led by slaves
Spartacus led the 3rd one: gladiators -
73 BCE
Spartacus's uprising
-
71 BCE
Crassus and Pompey defeated the slaves
-
60 BCE
FIRST TRIUMVIRATE
Julius Caesar
Crassus
Pompey -
59 BCE
Caesar was elected a consul
-
56 BCE
province of Palestine
Roman Empire occupied the Jewish territories -
49 BCE
Caesar crossed the Rubicon River and occupied Rome
-
48 BCE
batlle at Pharsalos in Greece
Popmey was murdered by the Egyptian pharaoh after the battle -
46 BCE
Caesar returned to Rome
he got elected as dictator for 10 years -
44 BCE
Caesar was elected dictator for lifetime
-gave Roman citizenship to many
-weakend the Senate
-public work programs, regulations of the use of latifundia
-founded 20 colonies
-Solar calendar: Julian Calendar -
44 BCE
conspirators led by Brutus and Cassius killed Caesar
-
43 BCE
SECOND TRIUMVIRATE
Mark Anthony
Octavian
Lepidus -
42 BCE
battle of Philippi in Greece
-naval battle
-the Second Triumvirate defeated Brutus and Cassius who later committed suicide -
31 BCE
Actium
decisive battle between Mark Anthony and Octavian -
30 BCE
Egypt
-Octavian went to Egypt where Mark Anthony and his wife Cleopatra committed suicide
-Octavian made Egypt a province of the Roman Empire -
Period: 27 BCE to 180
PAX ROMANA
principate of Augustus -
14
Augustus died
the system of Pax Romana survived -
Period: 66 to 130
Jewish rebbelions against the Roman Empire
-
91
The Hunnic Empire collapsed
the HUns were defeated by the Chinese and started to migarte westwards -
313
Edict of Milan
Emperor Constantine granbted religious freedom to everyone -
325
Council of Nicaea
-Emperor Constantine summoned the first synod
-doctrine of Holy Trinity: the unity of Father, Sona and Spirit -
378
battle of Adrianople
Visigoths against the Roman Empire = victory of Visigoths -
391
Emperor Theodosius made Christianity the state religion
banned the Olympic Games and the worhsip of old Roman gods -
395
Roman Empire was divided into Western and Eastern parts
-
433
the HUns invaded Pannonia
they gave up dual principality and Attila became the sole ruler -
451
battle of Catalaunian Plains
the Huns against the WRE = indecisive but huge losses on both sides -
453
Fall of the Hunnic Empire
after Attila died a power struggle started which ended the rule of the Hunnic Empire -
455
vandals attacked Rome
with constant attacks from germanic tribes -
476
collapse of WRE
-
Period: 476 to 1000
EARLY MIDDLE AGES
-
529
Emperor Justinian
codified the laws of the Eastern Roman Empire -
529
Benedict Order
founded by Saint Benedict at Monte Cassion, Italy -
Period: 570 to 630
Muhammad
born in Mecca -
622
Hegira
Muhhamad was forced to leave Mecca and went to Medina
-the beginning of the Arab calendar -
636
Syria
Arabs occupied Damascus -
638
Palestine
Arabs occupied Jerusalem -
711
Arabs conqered the Strait of Giblaltar
-
Period: 714 to 741
Charles Martel
mayor domus -
Period: 717 to 718
siege of Constantinople by the Arabs
they couldn't occupy Constantinople -
732
Poitiers
Charles Martel defeated the Arabs at Poitiers and ended the Arab Conquest -
751
Pepin the Short
-mayor domus
-protected the Church form the Lombards and established Papal States -
800
Charlemagne became the Roman Emperor
the Pope crwoned Charlemagne the Roman Emperor -
814
Charlemagne died
-
843
Treaty of Verdun
Frankish Empire was divided into 3 parts: Western Frankish Empire, Eastern Frankish Empire, Central Frankish Empire -
910
CLUniac REFORMS
to free the Church from secular power and abolish Simony -
962
Holy Roman Empire
-the Eastern Roman Empire was attacked by Hungarians
-Otto the Grat defeated them and set up the Holy Roman Empire -
Period: 1000 to 1200
HIGH MIDDLE AGES
11th century - 13 th century -
1054
East-West Schism
Roman Chirstianity and Orthodox Christianity -
1073
Pope Gregory II
he was a Benedictine monk who became the Pope -
1076
Pope Gregory II excommunicated Henry IV the HRE
INVESTITURE CONTROVERSY -
1077
WALK TO CANOSSA
Henry II went to Italy to the Castle of Canossa and stood in front of the castle for 3 days barefoot until the Pope forgave him -
1095
First Crusade
Pope Urban II proclaimed the First Crusade at the Council of Clairmont -
Period: 1095 to 1099
FIRST CRUSADE
-
1122
CONCORDATE OF WORMS
Pope Clixtus II and Emperor Henry V signed a contract to solve the prblems between the Papacy and the HRE -
1144
Christian states were retaken by Muslims
casus belli for the Second Crusade -
1161
Hanseatic League wasset up
-
1233
INQUISITION
-Pope Gregory IX set up a Church court for heretics
- run by the Dominican Order -
Period: 1300 to 1400
LATE MIDDLE AGES
14th century - 15th century -
Period: 1347 to 1352
Black Death
-
1358
French peasant rebellion
led by Gullaume Caillat -
1381
English peasant rebellion
led by John Ball and Wat Tyler