-
Galactic Network
J.C.R Licklider, a scientist from M.I.T + ARPA proposed a solution to the concern about what might happen in the event of a Soviet attack. This solution is the “galactic network” of computers that could talk to one another. This network would enable government leaders to communicate if the Soviets destroyed the telephone system.(https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/invention-of-the-internet) -
Packet Switching
Another M.I.T scientist developed another way of sending information from one computer to another: packet switching. Packet switching divides the data into blocks or packets and each packet travels individually from one location to another. Without this, the government’s computer network would have been vulnerable to enemy attacks.
(https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/invention-of-the-internet) -
LOG
ARPAnet, the government's computer network, delivered its first message. The message "LOG" was converted into binary value, and it was sent from one computer to another using a wired medium.
(https://ventcube.com/history-of-the-internet-timeline/)
Only four computers were connected to the ARAPnet by the end of 1969 and the network rapidly expanded during the 1970s.
(https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/invention-of-the-internet) -
Email
The first email was developed by Ray Tomlinson in 1971. He also made the decision to use the "@" symbol to separate the user name from the computer name.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
TCP/IP
ARPAnet computers switch over to TCP/IP protocols developed by Vinton Cerf. It happened on January 1, 1983, and this date is considered the official birthday of the internet.TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol and IP stands for Internet Protocol. This allowed different kinds of computers on different networks to communicate with each other. All networks could now be connected by a universal language.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
DNS
Domain Name Systems was created along with the first Domain Name Servers. It made addresses on the internet more human-friendly compared to the IP address that uses numbers. DNS servers allowed internet users to type in an easy-to-remember domain name and then converted it to the IP address automatically.
(https://ventcube.com/history-of-the-internet-timeline/) -
The Morris Worm
One of the first significant malicious internet attacks that were written by Robert Tappan Morris. It caused major interruptions across large parts of the internet.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
IRC
Internet Relay Chat was deployed and paved the way for real time chat and instant messaging programs we use today.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
Proposal for the World Wide Web
Tim Berners-Lee proposed the idea for the World Wide Web.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
World Wide Web
Tim Berners-Lee, a computer programmer in Switzerland introduced the World Wide Web. Which is an internet that was not simply a way to send files from one place to another but was a web of information that anyone on the internet could access. He created the internet that we know today.
(https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/invention-of-the-internet) -
Governments join in
Both the White House and the United Nations came online. This marked the beginning of the .gov and .org domain names.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
Mosaic
The first graphical and widely downloaded web browser, Mosaic, was released to the public in 1993. While it wasn't the first web browser ever created, it is considered the first browser to make the internet accessible to everyone.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
Commercialization of the Internet
SSL: Secure Sockets Layer encryption was developed by Netscape, which made it safer to conduct financial transactions online.
EBay and Amazon made their first launch to the public and are now the nest sellers in online shopping today.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
Cryptocurrency
David Chaum, a computer scientist and cryptographer, created DigiCash in 1995. This went on to pave the way for Bitcoin and other forms of digital currency.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
Webmail
HoTMaiL, (capital letters are to HTML), the first web-based service was launched.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
Invention of Wi-Fi
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers approved the 802.11 standard for Wi-fi. Hedy Lamarr, an American Actress, and George Antheil developed a “frequency hopping system” in the 1940s. The system paved the way for a team at CSIRO to invent Wireless Local Area Network in the 1990s.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
Google
Google went live in 1988, revolutionizing how people find information online.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
Web 2.0 and Social Media
Web 2.0 refers to websites and Rich Internet Applications (RIA) that are highly interactive and user-driven and became popular in 2004.
The term social media was believed to be first used by Chris Sharpley at the same time as Web 2.0. Social media are sites that allow users to create and share content with one another.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
Youtube
Youtube launched in 2005 bringing free online created and shared videos.
(https://www.webfx.com/blog/web-design/the-history-of-the-internet-in-a-nutshell/) -
Billions of People Connected
By January of 2021, there are 4.66 billion people connected to the internet.
(https://www.livescience.com/20727-internet-history.html)