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300 BCE
Euclid's Elements
Euclid's Elements is the most influential textbooks that is made up of 13 mathematic books attributed to the Ancient Greek Mathematician, Euclid in Alexandria, Egypt. -
Napier's Bones
Napier's bones is a manually-operated calculating device created by John Napier for calculation of products and quotients of numbers. It is based on Arab mathematics. It is not the same as logarithms. -
Pascaline
Pascaline is a mechanical calculator invented by Blaise Pascal for solving arithmetic calculations. It is designed to add and subtract two numbers directly and perform multiplication and division through repeated addition or subtraction. -
The Jacquard Loom
The Jacquard Loom is a device fitted into a power loom in textiles for manufacturing complex patterns. Created by Joseph Marie Jacquard, it would read from punched wooden cards that are held together in a long row by rope. The cards could be changed without changing the mechanical design of the loom. -
Difference Engine
The Difference Engine is an automatic mechanical calculator designed to organize polynomial functions. The Difference Engine is able to compute many tables of numbers that are able to help engineers, navigators and scientists with their mathematic functions. It was created by Charles Babbage with the intention to be steam powered and fully automatic. -
The Stepped Reckoner
The Stepped Reckoner was a digital mechanical calculator used to perform all four arithmetic operations created by the German Mathematician, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. It was the first invention that could do all four arithmetic operations. -
Model K
Model K is a relay calculator that could perform a sequence of calculations invented by George Stibitz. It was named by his wife after the 'kitchen table' since Stibitz had taken two telephone relays, a couple of flashlight bulbs, a wire and a dry cell, home and assembled the Model K at his kitchen table. -
Z1
The Z1 was a mechanical computer created by Konrad Zuse. It was binary mechanical electric calculator that had limited programming. It was the first freely programmable computer that used Boolean logic and binary floating point numbers. It was destroyed in Berlin during WWII. -
Colossus Computer
The colossus computer was a set of computers developed by British codebreaker. They were used to perform Boolean and counting operations. It was regarded as the world's first programmable, electronic, digital computer. -
ENIAC
ENIAC was one of the earliest electronic computers. It was Turing-complete, digital and able to solve many numerical equations through reprogramming. It was invented by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly as an effort to calculate artillery firing tables. -
Williams Tube
Otherwise known as the Williams-Kilburn tube, it is named after inventors Freddie Williams and Tom Kilburn. It works by displaying a grid of dots on a cathode ray tube. -
Invention of the first transistor
On December 23, 1947, John Bardeen, Walter Brittain and William Shockley created the first transistor at Bell Laboratories. It was able to later make possible, the integrated circuit and the microprocessor. -
SSEM
Otherwise known as the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine or Baby, it was the world's first stored-program computer. It was designed to be a testbed for the William's Tube which is the earliest form of computer memory. -
IBM 305 RAMAC
RAMAC, which stands for Random Access Method of Accounting and Control, was designed to motivate the need of real accounting in business. The IBM 305 RAMAC was the first commercial computer that used magnetic disk storage. -
First Integrated Circuit
Otherwise known as bare chip, monolithic integrated circuit, or microchip, the Integrated Circuit is a package that includes many circuits, transistors, pathways and other electronic components that work together as building blocks of computer hardware. -
John McCarthy initiates the first project to use the time-sharing system
On January 1959, John McCarthy wrote an influential memo that clearly described how the productivity of programmers would be greatly improved with time-sharing. This led to the implementation of time-sharing machines to begin. -
MODEM
In the 1960s, AT&T introduced the first dataphone and the first known MODEM. The MODEM, otherwise known as Broadband Modem, is a hardware device that connects a computer or router to a broadband network. -
Initial Idea of the Internet
The initial idea of the internet was made by Leonard Kleinrock after he published his paper called, "Information Flow in Large Communication Nets". -
Packetization
In 1962, Leonard Kleinrock released his paper on packetization. Packetization, which is a method of distributing data over a network, was first widely used on ARPANET. Packetization breaks information down into small segments of data that reassemble when it is received at the destination. -
ARPANET
On June 3, 1968, Larry Roberts published the ARPANET program plan. ARPANET, which stands for Advanced Research Projects Agency Network, was a wide area network that would link many Universities and research centres that was the first to use packetization and it was the beginning of the internet. -
UCLA
In 1968, UCLA was selected to be the first node in the internet. A network measurement system was prepared by Kleinrock's team in order for this to happen. -
Initial Creation of the Internet
Around 1970, Robert E. Kahn and Vint Cerf developed the internet protocol suite which became the standard working protocol in ARPANET. -
Intel Corporation founded
Intel Corporation was founded by Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore. Intel is considered by many as 'the' company that has influenced the hardware market. Intel manufactures the Intel computer processors, Intel CPU upgrades, and network devices. -
Advanced Micro Devices founded
Otherwise known as Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., the AMD is a multinational semiconductor company that makes computer processors and other related technologies. Created by Jerry Sanders and a group of his friends, AMD was made because of the lack of support, flexibility and opportunity within Fairchild. -
Full Time-sharing solutions
Time-sharing is the sharing of a computing resource which was created when creators realized that a single person on one computer cannot make an efficient use of a computer. In 1970, full time-share solutions were available on softwares such as Multics, Cambridge CTSS and others. -
Period: to
Microprocessors
Throughout this period, Intel and AMD both released a number of processors. Some processors were deemed the standard in the computer industry (8080 processor), and others were chosen by companies, like Apple or Microsoft, to be the designated processor for that company. -
Apple DOS 3.1
Apple DOS 3.1 was one of the three major releases in the Apple DOS line. It is a disk operating system for the Apple II series of microcomputers. Apple DOS 3.1 was the first disk-based operating computer for any Apple computer. -
ST506
The ST-506 was the first 5.25 inch hard drive by, now, Seagate Technology. It stored up to 5MB after formatting. The ST-506 connected to a computer system through a disk controller. -
Gigabyte hard drive
IBM introduced the first gigabyte hard drive in 1980, the 3380. This hard drive weighed over 500 pounds and had 2.5 GB worth of capacity. -
System 1
System 1 was the first Apple Macintosh operating system and the first of the classic Mac OS series. It was one of the first in the Macintosh family of personal computers -
SCSI-1
SCSI-1 was first approved in 1986. It supports transfer rates up to 5MB per second. -
Apple buys: NeXT Software Inc.
NeXT Software Inc. was an American computer and software company that was founded by Steve Jobs after he left Apple. Apple bought NeXT in 1997 to use NeXTSTEP as the foundation to replace the outdated classic Mac OS. -
Hitachi purchased IBM's hard drive operation
In 2002, Hitachi purchased a majority of IBM's drive-related assets as a way to make the combined company the largest in the hard drive disk business. -
The Elastic Compute Cloud
The Elastic Compute Cloud, otherwise known as EC2 and created by Amazon, it allows users to rent virtual computers that run on their own computers. -
Mac OS X Server 10.6
Otherwise known as the Snow Leopard, it is the seventh major release of Mac OS X. The Snow Leopard provided an improved performance, greater efficiency. -
Microsoft enters cloud market
In 2010, Microsoft decided to enter the cloud services market. Azure had to support a great amount of languages, frameworls, runtimes, and tools that was the result of over 50% of workloads running on a non-Windows platform. This caused the company to create plug-ins and extensions for Java, PHP and Python. -
mac OS High Sierra
Mac OS High Sierra is the fourteenth major release of the macOS series. It brings new core technologies, including a new file system, virtual reality related features and refinements to certain apps. -
Links
https://cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/620276/KCS-UK/KCS-UK%20Whitepapers/History_of_Cloud_Computing_Timeline.pdf https://www.macworld.co.uk/news/mac-software/macos-high-sierra-latest-version-3647580/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_Compute_Cloud https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NeXT https://www.computerworld.com/article/2575943/data-center/hitachi-buys-ibm-s-hard-drive-business-for--2b.html -
Links part 2
https://www.black-box.de/en-de/page/28754/Resources/Technical-Resources/Black-Box-Explains/scsi/scsi1-2-3-and-5-connectors https://www.forbes.com/sites/janakirammsv/2015/05/04/microsoft-welcome-to-the-open-world/#6e6ed0a756e3 https://www.computerhope.com/history/processor.htm https://www.computerhope.com/history/hdd.htm https://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch000984.htm https://io9.gizmodo.com/the-history-of-early-computing-machines-from-ancient-t-549202742 -
