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Council for Exceptional Children (CEC)
Organization that later would become the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) is founded in New York City. The Council for Exceptional Children is a professional association of educators dedicated to advancing the achievements and success of children with exceptionalities. It's accomplished through advocacy, standards, as well as professional development. -
Brown v. Board of Education
The U.S. Supreme Court decided in the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case that it was unconstitutional for educational institutions to segregate children by race. -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
ESEA was signed into law by Lyndon B. Johnson. ESEA not only called for equal access to education for all students, but also federal funding for both primary as well as secondary education for students disadvantaged by poverty. https://www.acteonline.org/esea/#.WQ9Cu9LyvIU -
Supreme Court Decisions
Two important supreme court decisions [PARC v. Pennsylvania (1972) and Mills v. D.C. Board of Education (1972)] apply the equal protection argument to students with disabilities. The courts take the position that children with disabilities have an equal right to access education as their non-disabled peers. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
American legislation that guarantees certain rights to disabled people. It was one of the first U.S. federal civil rights laws offering protection for people with disabilities. It forbids organizations as well as employers from excluding or denying individuals with disabilities an equal opportunity to receive program benefits as well as services. Additionally, it defines the rights of people with disabilities to participate in, as well as have access to, program benefits and services. -
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) is enacted
FERPA is a federal privacy law that gives parents specific protections with regard to their children's education records, including report cards, disciplinary records, transcripts, contact and family information, as well as class schedules. https://ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/index.html -
Education for all Handicapped Children Act of 1975
Congress intended that all children with disabilities would "have a right to education, and to establish a process by which State and local educational agencies may be held accountable for providing educational services for all handicapped children." Congress included an elaborate system of legal checks and balances called "procedural safeguards" that are designed to protect the right of children as well as their parents. -
EAHCA is amended with the addition of the Handicapped Children's Protection Act
This amendment makes clear that students as well as parents have rights under EAHCA (now IDEA) and Section 504. Handicapped Children's Protection Act of 1986 - a bill to amend the Education of the Handicapped Act to authorize the award of reasonable attorneys' feed to specific prevailing parties, as well as to clarify the effect of the Education of the Handicapped Act on rights, procedures, as well as remedies under other laws relating to the prohibition of discrimination. -
Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)
This is the nation’s first comprehensive civil rights law addressing the needs of people with disabilities, prohibiting discrimination in employment, public services, public accommodations, as well as telecommunications. Essentially, the ADA is an “equal opportunity” law for people with disabilities. Moreover, the purpose of the law is to make sure that individuals with disabilities have the same rights and opportunities as everyone else. -
No Child Left Behind
Under the 2002 law, states are required to test students in reading and math in grades 3-7 and once in high school. Additionally, the purpose of NCLB is to ensure that students in every public school accomplish beneficial learning goals while being educated in safe classrooms by well-prepared teachers. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0--2nhsDorg -
IDEA 2004 (Reauthorization)
Federal program that authorizes state and local aid for special education and related services for children with disabilities. The requirements regarding “highly qualified” special education teachers became effective immediately. IDEA’s primary goals are the following: to protect the rights of children with disabilities, as well as to give parents a voice in their child’s education. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3XMndYNEGFA
