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American School for the Deaf
First establishing school for special needs Children that the way to children been taught in sign language. that provide comprehensive education for deaf people. the school was founded to improve the lives of families and their deaf loves one. -
Perkins School for the Blind
Perkins School for the Blind was founded in 1829, what this school is because it was the first school founded to help blind people read. Perkins create its own braille to create braille books for the blind. the school also create the Perkins smart braille to promotes interactive communication between students, parents, and teachers -
Columbia Institution
First established college for people with special needs. in 1865 congress passed a law that give Columbia institution the authorization to give college degree to special needs people -
The council of exceptional Children (CEC)
One of the largest worldwide recognize organization that is dedicated to improving the education of children with disabilities as well as gifted and talented students. CEC support the IDEA act to ensure all children received free and appropriate public education. -
Bradley Home
First psychiatric hospital established to care for children. The hospital was founded to improve the life of children with mental retardation, epilepsy, and multiple disabilities. -
Cuyahoga County Ohio Council for the Retarded Children
It was founded by a group of mothers whose children were been excluded from public school. Which gave birth to the movement of parent’s advocacy for children with disabilities across the nation. For example, the Washington Association for Retarded Children, and the Welfare League for Retarded Children was started in New York, etc. In 1947 The American Association on Mental Deficiency recognized parents that advocate for children with disabilities in their communities. -
Classification of Autism (ASD)
Leo Kanner published a paper that describes autism entitled "Autistic Disturbances of Affective Contact" The article stated that autism was neurodevelopmental disorder that affected the person whose autistic to form relationship with others. -
Brown Vs Board of Education
the court declared that it was unconstitutional the laws in Kansas that separate black and white students. The laws declared that all students have the same right to learn without prejudice and discrimination of skin color. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
It provided federal funds for primary and secondary schools for poverty-stricken family for "instructional materials, parents involvements, and support for educational programs." The program was created by the United States Department of Education to distributed funds to school in low income Areas.
websites: https://inclusiveschools.org/ -
Bilingual Education Act
It provided federal funds for school's district to provide services for student with limited English-speaking students, or whose home languages is not English. Some schools focused on teaching students (ELL) in both languages the child home language and English. -
Association of Instructors of the Blind
School for the blind and School for the death offer comprehensive training for blinds and deaf students. It was created with different delegates from fourteen different institution. -
First Center For Independent Living
The center was open in UC Berkeley to help people with disabilities live independently instead of nursing homes or other institutions. It was created based on different events of 1960 and 1970, for example, the African American civil right movement. And the returning of the paralyzed soldiers from World War II. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
First federal civil right laws that provide protection for people with disabilities to participate in extracurriculars activities. children qualification for this program is based on physical or mental disabilities that affected children learning abilities. -
Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley
Both federal and state government provide fund to provide children with disability with appropriate services or accommodation based on the students need. I force schools' officials to reviewed students IEP a least once year and the students' parents or guardian must present. -
Plessy v. Ferguson
the supreme court stated it was not unconstitutional if services provided for blacks' people were as equal as white people in separate facilities. The case was cause by Plessy a black man that refused to seat in a train cart for black people. As a result, the Jim crow law was put in place -
The Americans Disabilities Act Of 1990
the ADA was proposed in 1986 by the National council of disabilities. In 1990 President George H.W. Bush signed it into law. the ADA prohibited discrimination of a person with disability to be discriminate in any public or private services. For example, after school activities, employment. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
IDEA guaranteed that children with disabilities (age 0-21) are entitled to free public education that meet children unique need. Children received their education in a least restrictive environment. it guaranteed the right of parents to be active participation in their children education. The federal government assists state and locals' government with funds to provides appropriate services. Parents and teachers have appropriate tools to accommodate children to be successful members of society. -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
he provisions of this laws are that the states must hired qualify teachers. It requires the states to test students from grade 3-8 in reading in math and group the data collected into subgroup of race, socioeconomic and disabilities status. In 2012 President Obama provided waiver for schools that failed to improve by trained teacher to be more effective, instead of having children transferred to a better performing school. In 2015 congress replaced NCLB with Every Student Succeeds Act. -
ADA Amendments Act of 2008
In 2008 congress has reviewed the law and makes it broader. To ensure that all of the disability's laws are put in place and the person actually has as a disability. It also known as ADA Amendments Act of 2008. It was signed by the second President George Bush and became effective in January 1,2009. video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Emhv4t63jyI&list=PLTk4KgN9Wc392GWmn2cdMCqGs_fsl556j -
Beattie v. Board of Education 1919
A child was expelled from school because of his disabilities which was weird facial hair and drooling. The outcome of this case was that all intellectuals' students with disabilities are qualified to received free public education until they reach the age of 21.