History of Special Education and Inclusive Education

By torreschristina

  • First school for the Deaf, in USA

    First school for the Deaf, in USA
    Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet was called upon by Alice Cogswell’s father, Mason Cogswell, to study the methods of Braidwood for teaching the deaf due to Alice Cogswell being deaf. Gallaudet invited one of the French instructors to the United States to share these methods. Thus, the opening of the first deaf school, “American School for the Deaf” in Hartford Connecticut.
    https://deafhistory.eu/index.php/component/zoo/item/1817-gallaudet-first-school-for-the-deaf-in-the-usa

  • Elizabeth E Farrell and the First Special Education Class in America

    Elizabeth E Farrell and the First Special Education Class in America
    Elizabeth E. Farrell was an education pioneer. She was a woman who taught the first class of special education students in America. Om 1899 Elizabeth E Farrell took a teaching position in NYC of 19 students, 12 diagnosed with mental retardation. This group of students ranged from 8-16, with some haven been in trouble with the police but was not characterized as a criminal in her classroom.

  • CEC

    CEC
    In 1922, Elizabeth E. Farrell founded and became president to Council for Exceptional Students. The CEC advocated for the individuals with exceptionalities to set professional standards with appropriate recourses and appropriate government policies.

  • Anne Sullivan Macy and Helen Keller

    Anne Sullivan Macy and Helen Keller
    Anne Sullivan Macy taught Helen Keller, who was blind, deaf, and even once mute. With the help of Anne Sullivan Macy, Helen Keller learned to talk by placing her hand on Macy’s throat and face. With the sense of touch, Keller was able to feel the “G” sound in the Macy’s throat. Keller’s was able to feel the “B” and “P” sound on Macy’s lips. This process kept going until Keller was able to produce a word and then a sentence.
    https://youtu.be/KLqyKeMQfmY?feature=shared

  • First Institution of Research on Exceptional Children

    First Institution of Research on Exceptional Children
    in 1947 Samuel A. Kirk came to Illinois and pushed a research unit to focus on exceptional children with learning disabilities. In 1951, the University of Illinois became the first institution for research on exceptional students. This began a new focus on the field of special education and people who learn at a slower pace, we know this today as learning disabilities.

  • Brown V. Board of Education

    Brown V. Board of Education
    The Supreme Courts states African American children have the right to knowledge and learning.The Supreme Court stated segregated schools “have no place in the field of public education” due to emotional impact segregation has on children.This movement/decision made parents of children with disabilities bring lawsuits against school districts for excluding their children due to their disabilities

  • Association for Children with Learning Disabilities

    Association for Children with Learning Disabilities
    in 1963 a group of parents held a conference in Chicago with professionals from various specialties to discuss a common concern, services for their children are not being made to support said children’s education. This conference became a talk and months later many volunteers stepped forwards and the Association for Children with Learning Disabilities was created.

  • PARC and Mills

    PARC and Mills
    Two cases, Pennsylvania Assn. for Retarded Children V Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (PARC) and Mills v. Board of Education of District of Columbia, fought for equal education for children with disabilities. PARC specifically dealt with the exclusion of children with disabilities and mental retardation from public schools while Mills dealt with the practice of suspending and/or expelling children with disabilities in the District of Columbia public schools.

  • EHA signed into law

    EHA signed into law
    Education for All Handicapped Children Act (Public Law 94-142), or EHA, was signed into law and guaranteed appropriate and free public education to every individual child with a disability in every state and locality across the country, due to the congressional investigation of 1972 that showed horrific statistics that 1.75 million handicap children do not receive education and 2.5 million handicapped children are receiving an inappropriate education.

  • IDEA

    IDEA
    In the 2000’s, children in the public education continue being segregated against and not given the opportunity to continue education. In 2004, Congress, reauthorized Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. This Act meant that a child must have an education that is appropriate to their unique needs and that said child must be prepared for further education, employment, and independent living. IDEA protects not only the child with disabilities but also, the parents.