-
Council for exceptional students
The Council for Exceptional Children is to improve educational outcomes for individuals with exceptionalities. It was founded in 1922 by Elizabeth Farrell. It is currently the largest professional organization dedicated to improving the educational experience for students with disabilities. The CEC, a non-profit association, accomplishes its mission which is carried out in support of special education professionals. -
Brown V. Board of education.
Brown v. board of education of Topeka was a monumental supreme court case that ruled that U.S state laws that promoted racial segregation in public schools were unconstitutional. The NAACP and Thurgood Marshall were the forerunners of this case. The argument during this court case was that the school systems for black and white students were not equal and violated the " Equal protection clause" of the 14th amendment of the U.S constitution.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TTGHLdr-iak -
PARC V. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
The U.S district court for the eastern district of Pennsylvania sided in favor of students with disabilities to be placed in publicly funded school settings that meet each student's individual needs. These needs are to be determined by a proper and thorough evaluation. This case only includes students with intellectual disabilities. -
The education for All handicapped children act
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act was enacted by the United States Congress in 1975. This act required all public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with physical and mental disabilities. (EAHCA) gave special education students many rights. Some of these rights include "Nondiscriminatory testing, evaluation, and placement procedures", "Education in the least restrictive environment" -
National center for learning disabilities
The national center for learning disabilities (NCLD) was founded by Carrie and Pete Rozelle originally called the foundation for children with learning disabilities. The purpose was to provide public awareness and financial support for research on learning disabilities.They work to ensue that all citizens with learning disabilties be provided with equal opportunities in all aspects of life. -
Learning disabilities foundation act of america
The learning disabilities foundation of america (LDFA) is a public charity devoted to providing funds for research and education, as well as promoting awareness for adults and children with disabilities. It was founded by the learning disabilities association. The LDFA is a public charity that is tax-exempt. The LDFA provides grants to non-profit organizations for projects related to disability research. -
Vocational Rehabilitation Act & section 504
This public law prevents any private organization that uses federal funds or any local/state organization from discriminating against a person because of their disability, This law includes prohibiting discrimination in the public education sector, employment opportunities, and social and health services. Section 504 requires the needs of a student with a disability to be met just as adequately as a student without disabilities, also provides accommodations to students. -
Americans with disabilities act
The Americans with disabilities act (ADA) provides regulations for business to prevent discrimination based on disability. The ADA provides transportation, public accommodations, communications and access to state and local government programs and services. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is a law that makes available a free appropriate public education to eligible children with disabilities throughout the nation and ensures special education in the least restrictive environment possible. The children must be provided with adequate resources and equal learning opportunities. IDEA also requires that any public transportation that may be necessary to transport students with disabilities be provided to them by the school. -
No Child Left Behind Act
The No child left behind act ensures that all children have a fair, equal and significant opportunity to be provided a quality education. it included Title I provisions applying to disadvantaged students. It supported standards-based education reform based on the premise that setting high standards and establishing measurable goals could improve individual outcomes in education.
https://www2.ed.gov/nclb/landing.jhtml -
Every Student Succeeds Act
The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) is the main law for K–12 public education in the U.S. It replaced No Child Left Behind.The main purpose of ESSA is to make sure public schools provide a quality education for all kids. ESSA gives states more of a say in how schools account for student achievement. This includes the achievement of disadvantaged students. The law also offers parents a chance to weigh in on these plans. This is important for children who get special education services.
