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History of Special Education
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Civil Rights Act of 1866
The Civil Rights Act of 1866 granted citizenship and the same rights enjoyed by white citizens to all male persons in the United States "without distinction of race or color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude." -
Plessy vs. Furgesson
Supreme court ruled it was ok to segregate fascilities under the notion of seperate but equal. -
Brown v Board of Education
Desegregation of schools ordered. Seperate is NOT equal. -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Though PARC ended quickly in a consent decree, a subsequent case called Mills v. Board of Education soon reached the Supreme Court under the same principles on which PARC was brought, and Mills finally established the fundamental Constitutional right to education of all children with disabilities. -
Mills V Board of Education District of Columbia
Ensured all students have equal rights to an education regardless of cost. -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
law signed by President Nixon that prohibits descrimination in the workplace and schools and any entity receiving federal funding. This mandates individual plans for elligible disabled students who need accomidations or modifications. -
Public Law No,.94-142
This law secured the basic ideals, rights and responsibilities to ensure equal access to public education for all children who are disabled. The key element being that prior written notice be provided to the parent regarding proposes or refuses, changes to identification or placement of child. -
The Americans with Disabilities Act
protects against descrimination and providing protections for people with disabilities -
IDEA Individuals with Disabilites Education Act
ensures students with a disability are provided with Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) that is tailored to their individual needs. IDEA was previously known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) from 1970 to 1990. Passed with no opposition and signed by George W Bush. -
No Child Left Behind
United States Act of Congress that is a reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, which included Title I, the government's flagship aid program for disadvantaged students.
