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History of Special Education

  • Diana versus State Board of Education (1970)

    Diana was a Spanish speaking Mexican American who was labeled as a mentally retarded individual because the test results claim so. The attorney of Diana claimed that over-representation of Spanish speaking students in the special education classes is due to the IQ test being administered in English. The law states that assessment procedures should be used with the students in their native language and that is not culturally or racially discriminatory.
  • Luke S. & Han S. versus. Nix, et.al. (1981)

    Luke determined that about 1000 children were referred for “pupil appraisal evaluation” but did not received any evaluation. The failure of the state of Louisiana was challenged in the court, the plaintiff claimed that the inability of the state to provide timely evaluation led to unlawful discrimination against handicapped students. In response to which act 754 regulation was developed that revised the pupil’s appraisal handbook to ensure the timely evaluation of students.
  • Sacramento City School District versus Rachel

    Rachel Holland was a student in the Sacramento Unified School District. She was mentally handicapped and was having an IQ of 44 at the age of 11 years. Parents of Rachel requested that she should be placed in a full-time regular kindergarten class Holland’s parents appealed this decision and sent her to a private school where she performed well without causing disturbances in the regular educational setting. It was determined that she should sit in a regular class.