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Brown v. Board of Education
The Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation in schools was unconstitutional regardless of how resources were allotted. This was the first even in which federal government acknowledged and defended students facing inequality. This would pave the way for future legislation for all students with disabilities. -
Department of Public Welfare v. Hass
1958, in Department of Public Welfare v. Hass, the Supreme Court of Illinois claimed that state education laws didn’t require free education for students with disabilities. That children who were unable to fully benefit from a good education were not required to have access to free public education.
https://law.justia.com/cases/illinois/supreme-court/1958/34924-5.html -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
Began the role of the federal government in special education. Stated it was the federal governments job to protect and provide for students at disadvantages and to assure that they had equal access education in the public school system. An important factorwas a grant program for states to improve already existing programs for students with disabilities and create new programs. Revised in 1970 as the Education of Handicapped Act which failed to provide how to create these programs. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
This act mandated that all public schools receiving federal funding were to ensure that all children with a physical or mental handicap were given equal access to a public education as well as one free meal per day. It also mandated that public schools evaluate children and along with the parents, come up with a special education plan that would allow for a student with disabilities to learn in the least restrictive environment with peers without disabilities. -
Education of the Handicapped Act Amendments
was put in place to broaden the requirement for free and appropriate education to children ranging in age from 3 to 5 with disabilities. It also was the beginning to programs of early intervention extending to children from birth to 2 years of age. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
Broadened special education services to include technologies, social work, and other services, extended state requirements to include bilingual services for disabled children as well as transitional services to help students transition from school to work starting at the age of 16. Confidentiality was introduced with IDEA to protect the child and parents along with due process.
https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Idea+Law&&view=detail&mid=16D89B352111601F646E16D89B352111601F646E&&FORM=VRDGAR -
Americans with Disabilities Act
Act was established for individuals in the private sector and protected them from being discriminated against. It was the start to equal employment opportunity and protected this right along with public services, public transportation, and more. This act also was the first time individuals diagnosed with AIDS were included as individuals with disabilities. -
IDEA Revision
All students will still receive services even after expulsion and mandates that schools take on responsibility in making sure students are included in the general education curriculum and that a general education teacher be part of the child’s IEP team. Statewide and districtwide assessments must be given to each child and if a child has behavioral issues, behavioral management must be available. Along with new requirements came the extension of developmental delay category to age 9. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA)
Introduced RTI, response-to-intervention model which would help determine whether a child has a specific learning disability and whether the child no longer requires a discrepancy between achievement and intellect in order to qualify. It also raised the bar as far as what the standards are for obtaining a license for special education as well as increasing federal funding for early intervention when referring to students who don’t need special education related services. -
Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
Signed by President Obama to replace the No Child Left Behind Act. It still includes much of the NCLB but now has more opportunities in schools for children who aren’t progressing as they should. It moved the accountability from a federal level to a local state level to monitor progress of students who demonstrate on the lower end of academic areas.
