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First Psychiatric Hospital
The first hospital to treat children with mental health and neurological disorders in the U.S. was in Rhode Island. It was called The Emma Pendleton Bradley Home, after the founder's daughter who had encephalitis. The hospital helped families of children who could not afford treatment and were only billed if they can afford it. -
Brown vs. Board of Education
This supreme court case took place in Topeka, Kansas. The ruling was that State-sanctioned segregation was illegal in public schools, due to the 14th Amendment. The court case allowed black people to go to the same school as white people and get the same education. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This act was signed by President Johnson and it gave grants to districts that helped low-income students. These were federal grants that helped them get textbooks, library books, funding for special education centers, and scholarships for low-income college students. Lastly, it provided grants for improving elementary and secondary education. -
Section 504
The Provision of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act is a national law that prevents and protects people with disabilities from discrimination. This act applies to organizations that are federally funded or get federal assistance. An example would be nursing homes. Section 504 stops organizations and employers from excluding or denying people with disabilities from having an equal opportunity to get program benefits and services. -
Education for all Handicapped Children Act
This act mandates that public schools evaluate a child's special needs, develop a way to teach that child that is best for that child, involve the child's parents, and teach that handicapped children alongside all the other children that are not handicapped. This pertains to children with mental, physical, emotional, and learning handicaps. The act also requires for all these things to be free in public education. -
Education of the Handicapped Act Amendment
This act mandated special education programs for preschool children and also provided some funding. This helped younger kids get the help they deserved to receive. Especially because we now know how beneficial early diagnosis and treatment are for a child. -
Honig vs. Doe
In this court case, it was found that a school in the state of California violated the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. They did this a suspending a child with a disability for violent and disruptive behavior. The court decided that the state must provide help to children with disabilities when the school board fails to do so. -
IDEA reauthorized
This changed the name from EHA to IDEA, which stands for Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. This act also made things more inclusive by adding people with brain injuries and autism spectrum disorder to the list. It also mandated for people with disabilities to also have an ITP or an individual transition plan as part of their individualized education program. -
No Child Left Behind Act
This was a federal law passed by President George Bush, which improves primary and secondary schools. It also as a result improved student performance by increasing the school's accountability. It changed the curriculum at schools and implemented yearly exams for subjects like reading and math. -
Regulations for School-Age Children
These regulations made sure that children are safe with their caregivers. It set standards for discipline that are appropriate for certain ages. The requirements are that a form of discipline cannot be severe, humiliating, and/or frightening, discipline cannot be associated with food, rest, or using the restroom, and any type of physical punishment is prohibited.