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The Civil Rights Act
Becomes law...It prohibits discrimination based on race, color, sex, religion or national origin. -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
Is passed...Part of Lyndon Johnson's "War on Poverty," it provides federal funds to help low-income students, which results in the initiation of educational programs such as Title I and bilingual education. -
The case of Mills v. the Board of Education of Washington, D.C.
extends the PARC v. Pennsylvania ruling to other students with disabilities and requires the provision of "adequate alternative educational services suited to the child's needs, which may include special education . . ." -
The Equal Educational Opportunities Act
Is passed. It prohibits discrimination and requires schools to take action to overcome barriers which prevent equal protection. The legislation has been particularly important in protecting the rights of students with limited English proficiency.. -
Case of Wallace v, Jaffree
the U.S. Supreme Court finds that Alabama statutes authorizing silent prayer and teacher-led voluntary prayer in public schools violate the First Amendment. -
The University of Phoenix
Establishes their "online campus," the first to offer online bachelor's and master's degrees. It becomes the "largest private university in North America." -
The Improving America's Schools Act (IASA)
Is signed into law by President Bill Clinton on January 25th. It. reauthorizes the ESEA of 1965 and includes reforms for Title I; increased funding for bilingual and immigrant education; and provisions for public charter schools, drop-out prevention, and educational technology. -
California voters pass Proposition 227
requiring that all public school instruction be in English. This time the law withstands legal challenges. -
No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)
is approved by Congress and signed into law by President George W. Bush on January 8, 2002. The law, which reauthorizes the ESEA of 1965 and replaces the Bilingual Education Act of 1968, mandates high-stakes student testing, holds schools accountable for student achievement levels, and provides penalties for schools that do not make adequate yearly progress toward meeting the goals of NCLB. -
The Higher Education Act is again amended and reauthorized
expanding access to higher education for low and middle income students, providing additional funds for graduate studies, and increasing accountability.
