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timeline
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Civil Rights Act
This was a landmark piece of legislation towards ending ingrained practices and laws of prejudice. It prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex or national origin. Therefore, the unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation in the workplace, school and other public facilities are outlawed by the United States government. -
Head Start Program
Part of President Johnson's "War on Poverty" campaign, Head start is an early childhood program for preschool children intended to provide parent involvemet, health, nutrition and early education services to low-income families. It is the longest running anti-poverty program to date and continues to expand the classroom to those in need. -
Bilingual Education Act
Also known as Title VII, it was a piece of federal legislation that identified the needs of "Limited English Speaking Ability" students. Intended to diversify the American educational classroom and provide opportunities to those who otherwise would not succeed in an english-only classroom, the BEA gave federal funding to those school districts which developed innovative programs for LESA students. -
Title IX of the Education Amendments
Title IX prohibits discrimination based upon sex in "any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance" (Title IX law). This title is normally associated with girls and women's sports and is a part of the wave of civil rights legislation that became enacted into United States law. -
Equal Educational Opportunities Act
It prohibits discrimination of faculty, staff and students including racial segregation of students. It also mandates school districts to act against barriers to students' equal participation in education. This legislation has been particularly important for students with limited english-speaking ability (LESA). -
Emergency Immigration Education Act
This act helps provide services and offset cost for school districts that have large numbers of immigrant students. Once again, another piece of legislation that diversifies the American classroom and makes it possibe to include another unique group: immigrant children. -
Teach for America
This organization rejuvinates the idea of a National Teachers Corps and strengthens the modern multicultural education movement by developing a young, qualified educator professional. Therefore, by enlisting the aid of college-educated professionals, Teach for America is able to address social justice needs and ensure equality in the classroom. -
James Bank's "Multicultural Education, Transformative Knowledge and Action: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives"
This book takes a historical and contemporary perspective on the growing subject of multicultural education in the classroom. James' book outlines the history of this type of education and its connection to the modern school reform movement and to transformative knowledge as well as other types of knowledge. -
No Child Left Behind Act
The act reauthorizes the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (1965) and replaces the Bilingual Education Act (1968). No Child Left Behind emphasizes the need for standards-based education reform such that setting high-standards and identifiable goals will bring about positive change in student achievement. However, the act still remains controversial to this day. -
Federal Budget of 2014
President Obama signs the 1.1 trillion dollar budget deal which restores some funding back to federal education programs. This is a step forward for multicultural education, and American education in general, since the recent financial crisis and partisan conflict in the federal government have caused some issues within the educational system. Perhaps, this could be the restart of the American educational reform movement that the United States needs.
