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Mills v. the Board of Education of Washington DC
A previous federal court ruling mandated that children with mental disabilities were entitled to a free public education. This differs because it mandates that education should be catered to the needs of the child, since each case is unique. Not only does this give the children a sense of equality to other children, it also gives them basic educational and social skills to be successful despite their disabilities. -
Case of Lau v. Nichols
Mandates that all children, including those that have limited English proficiency (LEP) are still entitled to English education catered to their individual needs. This ruling was in harmony with the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This law is still important today since many children do not have the opportunity to gain English proficiency in their infancy, yet they still need a good education in order to have equal opportunities in their future. -
Plyler v. Doe
U.S. Supreme Court rules that undocumented school-age children cannot be denied education, nor can the parents be charged tuition fees for the education of their kids. This law mandates the same opportunities for all children, regardless of citizen status. Especially for those who have to wait for years to become citizens, this ensures that the children's education does not get put off. -
National Board Certifications are Mandated for Teachers
The National Board of Professional Teaching Standards is formed and National Board Certification is necessary in order to teach. This impacts multicultural education because it gives all children the opportunity to learn from quality teachers. -
The Immigraion and Nationality Act of 1990
This reform increased annual immigration numbers, thereby contributing to the diversity of American school districts. This changed the demographics amongst students as well as the workload of teachers in order to change the way that they teach in order to cater to each of their students. -
Improving America's Schools Act (IASA)
President Bill Clinton signs into law the IASA which increases funding for bilingual and immigrant education, provisions for public charter schools, drop-out prevention, and educational technology -
No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
This law, which was signed into law by President George W. Bush, mandates high-stakes testing, and holds schools accountable for student's test results. Schools that do not meet standardized levels are penalized for not making proper progress toward their yearly goals. This is designed to help children be able to meet all of the yearly learning standards and pushes teachers to teach effectively and with clear goals in mind. -
H.R. 1350
H.R. 1350, The Individuals with Disabilities Improvement Act (IDEA 2004) modifies the IEP process and procedural safeguards, more involvement in the diagnostic and treatment of students at risk for learning disabilities, as well as intervention by means of research-based instruction. This helps all students, regardless of racial or cultural background, to get the education that they need to be successful in life. -
Parents involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No 1
This case as well as Meredith v. Jefferson County Board of Education ruled that race cannot be a factor in assigning students to high school. This greatly affected integration in school districts in Seattle and Louisville and set the precedent for similar cases throughout the country. This law has major implications for funding, quality of education, and multicultural awareness amongst students. -
Every Student Succeeds Act
President Barack Obama signs into law the Every Student Succeeds Act which replaces No Child Left Behind and allows more state interference in judging school quality. Along with his previous mandates which limit standardized testing, and singles out students in special education, ESL programs, racial minorities, and impoverished students. Therefore, the state is more in touch with the success of each subgroup within cities and districts.
