-
-Illnesses were caused by evil spirits and were a punishment from the gods (didn't give the right goat to the right god= why you're sick)
-Tribal doctors treated illnesses with ceremonies
-Herbs and plants used in medicine (morphine and dialysis)- an ancient Greek goddess has opium/poppy capsules in her hair and her eyes are closed as a sign of sedation.
-Trepanation or trephining (surgically removing a part of the skull) This was used to release the demons that plagued the sick
-Av. life 20 -
-Physicians were priests (this is because they thought that disease was caused by the gods and the priests were chosen by the gods so they could help)
-they were the first people to make records for medicine
-Bloodletting and leaches were used as a form of treatment (this became very popular)
-Ave. life span 30 years -
-believed in healing the body by healing the whole spirit
-had a pharmacy like business that recorded their use of herbs
-they also did acupuncture witch is where our present day acupuncture comes from
-began to search for medical reason as to why illnesses occur
-Ave. life span 30 years -
-Hippocrates and other physicians are here!
-first to observe the human body(biopsy's) this led to modern medicine sciences.
-Believed illnesses were caused by natural beings rather than the gods.
-Therapies such as massage, art therapy, and herbal treatment
-art therapy was a way of using the arts as a way to heal the mind
-they stressed a healthy diet, exercise and hygiene
- ave. lifespan 25-35 years -
-organized medical care by doing so for injured soldiers.
-hospitals were held at religious places
-this is because the pope held all the power in Rome
-sanitation systems, aqueducts and sewers.
-the four body humors; blood (caused by lust), phlegm (caused by anger), black bile (caused by slow response), and yellow bile (caused by depression)
-ave life 25-35 -
-they went backwards and went more towards demons and ghosts
-study of medicine was prohibited
-thoughts and prayers were used as treatment
-monks provided custodial care for people
-mainly herb treatment
-ave. life 20-30 years -
-Back to interest in medical practice.
-1100 Arabs began demanding a test pass and obtaining a license to practice medicine.
-1346-1353- Bubonic plague killed 75% of the population in Europe and Asia.
-It spread so fast because of the close contact with rats, if humans were cleaner back then it would not have spread so much
-the major diseases were
smallpox, diphtheria, tuberculosis, typhoid, the plague,and malaria.
1220-1255- first medical universities.
-ave. life 20-35 -
-Rebirth of medicine as well as art
-the first body dissection led to huge medical breakthrough
-1440- the invention of the printing press- this led to the spread of medical knowledge
-1543-first anatomy book published- Andreas Vesalius
-disease still a mystery
-ave. life span 30-40 -
-knowledge of the human body greatly advanced
-1500's- Ambrosia Pare, invents ligatures to stop bleeding
-1600's- early pharmacists made, sold, and prescribed medications
-1670's- invention of the microscope
-it used two lenses and could magnify 20-30 times larger
-this helped scientists see the disease causing organism
-cause of disease still not known
-ave. Life span 35-45 years -
-1714-Gabriel Fahrenheit created the mercury thermometer
-1760:Benjamin Franklin invented bifocals
-1778:John Hunter established scientific surgical procedures and introduced tube feeding(through the nose and is used for people who cannot swallow or are not getting enough nutrition)
-1798:Smallpox vaccine discovered
-the smallpox vaccine was discovered when someone took the puss from a cow pox sore and injected it into a boy, then they gave him smallpox.
-Ave. life span 40-50 -
-Rapid advancements due to discoveries of microorganisms, anesthesia, and vaccinations
-1895: X-Ray Machine Developed
-1893: First Open Heart Surgery
Infection control developed once microorganisms were associated with disease
-1816: Invention of the stethoscope
-1860: Formal training for nurses began
Women became active participants in health care
Average life span 40-60 years -
- ABO blood groups discovered Found out how white blood cells protect against disease
- Insulin discovered and used to treat diabetes -Antibiotics developed to fight infections
- Kidney Dialysis Machine
- Heart Lung Machine Surgical and diagnostic techniques developed to cure once fatal conditions
- Structure of DNA discovered and research in gene therapy begins -First Bone Marrow Transplant -Test tube babies -Organ Transplants, Kidney, Liver,Heart -Artificial Heart -16 new vaccines
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Laparoscopic Surgery
Targeted Cancer Therapies
Smoke Free Laws
Advances in HIV Medication
Rapid advances in Stem Cell Research
The first totally implantable artificial heart was placed in a patient in Louisville, Ky. In
2003: Human Genome Project Completed
Face Transplants
HPV (Human Papillomavirus Vaccine)
Malaria and Ebola vaccines
