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Period: 500 to Dec 31, 1500
The Middle Ages
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1095
Congregation of the Antonines
founded to treat victims of "St. Anthony's fire" a skin disease -
Jan 1, 1246
Ibn al-Baitar
wrote on botany and pharmacy, studied animal anatomy and medicine veterinary medicine -
Jan 1, 1284
Mansur hospital of Cairo
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Jan 1, 1288
The hospital of Santa Maria Nuova founded in Florence, it was strictly medical
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Jan 1, 1326
Mondino de Luzzi
carried out the first systematic human dissections -
Period: Jan 1, 1501 to
Renaissance
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Jan 1, 1510
Ambroise Pare
pioneered the treatment of gunshot wounds -
Jan 1, 1553
Miguel Serveto
Describes the circulation of blood through the lungs. He is accused of heresy and burned at the stake -
Jan 1, 1559
Realdo Colombo
Describes the circulation of blood through the lungs in detail -
Giacomo Pylarini
gives the first smallpox inoculations in Europe -
James Lind
discovers that citrus fruits prevent scurvy -
Samuel Hahnemann
Rages against the prevalent practice of bloodletting as a universal cure and founds homeopathy -
Edward Jenner
Develops a smallpox vaccination method -
Period: to
Industrial Revolution
-
Humphry Davy
Discovers the anesthetic properties of nitrous oxide -
Ignaz Semmelweis
discovers how to prevent puerperal fever -
Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch
establish the germ theory of disease -
Period: to
Modern World
-
Gerhard Domagk
develops a chemotherapeutic cure for streptococcus -
Egas Moniz
discovers prefrontal lobotomy for treating mental diseases -
First vaccine for Hepatitis B
-
Bruce Reitz
performs the first human heart-lung combined transplant -
Karl Landsteiner
discovers the existence of different human blood types -
Period: to
21st Century
-
Human Genome draft completed
-
Jacques Marescaux
Telesurgery -
Carlo Urbani
Doctors without Borders alerted the World Health Organization to the threat of the SARS virus, triggering the most effective response to an epidemic in history. Urbani succumbs to the disease himself in less than a month. -
Jean-Michel Dubernard
performs the first partial face transplant -
Laurent Lantieri
performs the first full face transplant
