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Period: 1501 to
Latin became displaced
French, Italian and English gained in importance. Latin gradually became displaced as a language of spoken and written communication -
Period: to
Grammar/translation
The approach based on the study of Latin had become the standard way of studying foreign languages in schools -
Natural Method
L. Sauveur argued that a foreign language could be taught without translation if meaning was conveyed directly through demonstration and action -
Phonetics
International Phonetic Association was founded -
New approaches
developed by language teaching specialists -
Reform Movement
Opposition to the grammar method developed in several European countries -
Frenchman C. Marcel
Emphasized the importance of meaning in learning, proposed that reading should be taught before other skills. -
Prendergast
Said that context is important to memorize phrases and routines -
Frenchman F. Gouin
Approach to teach foreign languages based on his observations of children's use of language -
Cooperative learning
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Multiple Intelligences
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Period: to
Direct Method
Combined with grammar activities -
Content Based Instruction
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Task-based learning teaching