-
Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE
Primitive Time
-
3900 BCE
Important Medicines still used today
Morphine and digitalis -
3800 BCE
Believed disease was caused by
supernatural spirits and demons -
3700 BCE
Average life span
20 years -
Period: 3000 BCE to 300 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
-
2900 BCE
How do they heal?
They would call to the gods to heal them -
2800 BCE
Who are physicians? Who was the first?
Physicians were priests and the first physician was Imhotep -
2700 BCE
Average life span
20 to 30 years -
Period: 1700 BCE to 220
Ancient Chinese
-
1600 BCE
Dissection (beliefs and result)
Religious prohibitions against dissection resulted in inadequate knowledge of body structure -
1500 BCE
Importance of the whole body
Believed in the need to treat the whole body by curing the spirit and nourishing the body -
1400 BCE
Average life span
20 to 35 years -
Period: 1200 BCE to 200 BCE
Ancient Greeks
-
Period: 753 BCE to 410
Ancient Romans
-
460 BCE
Hippocrates
Father of Medicine -
384 BCE
Aristotle
Dissected animals and is called the founder of comparative anatomy -
370 BCE
Average life span
25 to 35 years -
200 BCE
Sanitation System
Created aqueducts to carry clean water to the cities. Built sewers to carry waste materials away from the cities. Using filtering systems in public baths to prevent disease. Drained marshes to reduce the incidence of malaria. -
100 BCE
Hospitals
Early hospitals developed when physicians cared for ill people in rooms in their homes. Later hospitals were religious and charitable institutions housed in monasteries and convents -
300
Average lifespan
25 to 35 years -
400
Prohibited study of medicine, why?
Emphasis was placed on saving the soul, and the study of medicine was prohibited -
Period: 400 to 800
Dark age
-
500
How do they treat disease?
Prayer and divine intervention were used to treat illness and disease -
600
Average life span
20 to 30 years -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle Age
-
850
Medical Universities
Physicians began to obtain knowledge at medical universities in the 9th century -
900
Pandemic
A pandemic of the bubonic plague killed 3/4 of the population of Europe and Asia -
910
Rhazes
An Arab physician became know as the Arab Hippocrates -
1000
Average life span
20 to 35 years -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
-
1401
Rebirth
Of the science of medicine -
1425
Dissection
Dissection of the body began to allow a better understanding of anatomy and physiology -
1450
Artists
Artist Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci used dissection in order to draw the human body more realistically -
1475
Average life span
30 to 40 years -
1501
Cause of disease
Still not know and many died from infections and puerperal fever -
Period: 1501 to
16th century
-
1510
Father of modern surgery
Ambrose Pare a French surgeon -
1523
Gabriel Fallopius
Identified the Fallopian tubes in female. Described the tympanic membrane in the ear. -
Average life span
35 to 45 years -
Period: to
17th century
-
William Harvey
Described the circulation of blood to and from the heart in 1628 -
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Invented the microscope in 1666 -
Apothecaries
Made, prescribed, and sold medications -
Average life span
35 to 45 years -
Period: to
18th century
-
Gabriel Fahrenheit
Created the first mercury thermometer in 1714 -
James Lind
Prescribed lime juice contains vitamin C to prevent scurvy in 1795 -
Edward Jenner
Developed a vaccination for smallpox in 1796 -
Average life span
40 to 50 years -
Period: to
19th century
-
Blood transfusion
First successful blood transfusion was performed on humans in 1818 by James Blundell -
Elizabeth Blackwell
Became the first female physician in the United States in 1849 -
Florence Nightingale
Was the founder of modern nursing -
American Red Cross
Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross in 1881 -
Wilhelm Roentgen
Discovered roentgenograms in 1895 -
Average life span
40 to 60 years -
Period: to
20th century
-
Sir Alexander Fleming
Discovered penicillin in 1928 -
Open heart surgery
The first heart-lung machine was used for open-heart surgery in 1953 -
Transplants
The first liver transport was preformed by Thomas Starzl in 1963. The first lung transplant was performed by James Hardy in 1964. The first successful heart transplant was performed by Christian Barnard in 1968 -
CAT scan
Computerized axial tomography scan was developed in 1975 -
Test tube baby
The first test tube baby, Louise Brown, was born in England in 1978 -
Average life span
60 to 70 years
