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Period: 3000 BCE to 300 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
Earliest people to maintain accurate health records. They believed the body was a system of channels for air, tears, blood, sperm, and feces. If channels were "clogged", bloodletting or leaches were used to "open" them. Called in gods to heal their diseases. -
Period: 1700 BCE to 220
Ancient Chinese
They create a pharmacopoeia, which was an official drug directory. They believed in treating the whole by curing the spirit and nourishing the body. They used acupuncture to relieve pain pain and congestion. -
Period: 1200 BCE to 200 BCE
Ancient Greece
They began modern medical science by observing the human body and effects of disease. Used therapies like message, art therapy, and herbal treatment which are still used today. They stressed diet and cleanliness to prevent disease. They believed illness is a result of natural causes. -
Period: 753 BCE to 410
Ancient Romans
They were the first to organize medical care by providing care for soldiers. Developed early hospitals.Created aqueducts, sewers, drained marshes, and filtered bath water so they wouldn't get some diseases. Believed body was regulated by four fluids or humors, and an imbalance in humors resulted in illness. -
460 BCE
Hippocrates
He was the father of medicine. He developed a way to observe the human body. He also recorded signs and symptoms of diseases. He also created the Oath of Hippocrates. -
1578
William Harvey
William Harvey described the circulation to and from the heart. -
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek invented the microscope. -
Gabriel Fahrenheit
Gabriel Fahrenheit created the first mercury thermometer. -
Benjamin Franklin
He invented bifocal glasses. -
Edward Jenner
Edward Jenner created the vaccine for small pox. -
Rene Laennec
Rene Laennec invented the stethoscope. -
Florence Nightingale
She started professional education for nurses. -
Clara Barton
Clara Barton was the fonder of the American Red Cross. -
Elizabeth Blackwell
She was the first female physician. -
Louis Pasteur
Louis Pasteur proved microorganisms cause disease and created a vaccine for rabies. -
Joseph Lister
Joseph Lister discovered disinfectants. -
Robert Koch
Robert Koch developed the culture plate to identify pathogens. -
William Roentgen
William Roentgen was the one who discovered x-rays -
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud formed basis for Psychology and Psychiatry. -
Marie Curie
Marie Curie isolated radium. -
Sir Alexander Fleming
He discovered penicillin. -
Jonas Salk
Jonas Salk developed the polio vaccine.
