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Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE
Primitive Time
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3900 BCE
Important Medicines Still Used Today
Some medicines used today were first used way back in primitive times, although in different forms. For example, morphine was a common medicine used in this period, and was ingested with the poppy plant, which contained opium, the primary ingredient in morphine -
3800 BCE
Believed Disease was caused by
The Ancients believed disease was caused by supernatural spirits and demons, so they tried everything to try and drive them out. -
3700 BCE
Average Life Span
The average expected life span of people in this era was only 20 years. -
Period: 3000 BCE to 300 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
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2900 BCE
How do they heal?
The Egyptians prayed upon their gods to help heal them, because they believed that their gods had the power to fix what was wrong with them if they worshipped enough -
2800 BCE
Who are the Physicians? Who was the 1st?
Priests became the first physicians from studying medicine and surgery in temple medical schools. The very 1st physician may have been a man named Imhotep, around 2725 B.C. -
2700 BCE
Average Life Span
The average life span for an ancient egyptian was only 20-30 years -
Period: 1700 BCE to 220
Ancient Chinese
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1600 BCE
Dissection (Beliefs and Results)
The Ancient Chinese religion prevented the physicians to perform dissections, preventing the adequate knowledge of the human body. -
1500 BCE
Importance of the WHOLE body
The Chinese believed in treating the whole body by curing the spirit and nourishing the body. -
1400 BCE
Average Life Span
The Average life span of the ancient Chinese was 20-30 years. -
Period: 1200 BCE to 200 BCE
Ancient Greeks
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Period: 753 BCE to 410
Ancient Romans
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460 BCE
Hippocrates
Hippocrates was a Greek physician who is called the Father of Modern Medicine. He developed an organized way to observe the human body, recorded signs and symptoms of many diseases, and made a code of ethics for doctors called the Hippocrates Oath, which is still used by physicians today. -
384 BCE
Aristotle
Aristotle lives in Ancient Greece and is called the Father of Comparative Anatomy. He believed illness was a result of natural causes, used massage, art and herbal therapies, and stressed that a good diet and cleanliness was a good way to prevent disease. -
200 BCE
Sanitation System
The Ancient romans used sanitation systems such as creating aqueducts to flow clean water into the city and dirty water out, building waste sewers to carry waste materials away form the city, using filtering systems in public baths to prevent disease, and draining marshes to reduce the incidence of malaria. -
100 BCE
Hospitals
The early Roman hospitals were physicians caring for sick people in their homes. Later, more developed hospitals were religious and charitable institutions housed in monasteries or churches. -
300
Average Life Span
The average life span for ancient Romans was 25-35 years -
370
Average Life Span
The average life span for ancient Greeks was about 25-35 years. -
400
Prohibited study of medicine, why?
Believed that the healing of the soul was more important than the body. -
Period: 400 to 800
Dark Age
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500
How do they treat disease?
People in the dark ages used prayers and divine intervention to treat diseases. -
600
Average Life Span
The average life span of a person in the Dark Ages was 20-30 years -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle Ages
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850
Medical Universities
Physicians started to learn at medical universities in the 9th century -
900
Pandemic
The bubonic plague was a pandemic that killed 3/4 of the population of Europe and Asia. -
910
Rhazes
Was known as the Arab Hippocrates. He based diagnostics on observations from the symptoms and signs of the patient, he developed criteria for distinguishing between smallpox and measles, discovered that blood was the cause of many infectious diseases, and started the use of animal gut for sutures. -
1000
Average life span
The average elite span of a person in the Middle Ages was 20-35 years -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
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1401
Rebirth
Science and medicine were rebirthed -
1425
Dissection
People started to dissect bodies, which lead to a better understanding of anatomy and physiology -
1450
Artists
Artists Michelangelo and Leonardo Da Vinci used dissection to draw anatomy better and more realistically. -
1475
Average Life Span
The average life span of some in the renaissance was 30-40 years -
1475
Average Lifespan
The average lifespan of someone in the 16th century was 35-45 years -
1501
Cause of Disease
Causes of diseases were still unknown as many people died from infections and fever. -
Period: 1501 to
16th Century
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1510
Father of Modern Surgery
Ambroise Pare was a French surgeon known as the father of modern surgery. He established the use of ligatures to tie off arteries and stop bleeding, eliminated the use of boiling oil to cauterize wounds, and improved treatment of fractures and encouraged the use of artificial limbs. -
1523
Gabriel Fallopius
He identified the Fallopian tubes on a female and described the tympanic membrane in the ear -
Period: to
17th Century
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William Harvey
He described the circulation of blood to and from the heart. -
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Invented the microscope -
Apothecaries
Another name for early pharmacists who made, prescribed, and sold medications -
Average life span
The average lifespan of someone in the 17th century was 35-45 years -
Period: to
18th Century
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Gabriel Fahrenheit
Created the first mercury thermometer in 1714 -
James Lind
Prescribed lime juice which contained vitamin C to prevent scurvy -
Edward Jenner
Developed a vaccination for smallpox -
Average Life Span
The average life span of someone in the 18th century was 40-50 years -
Period: to
19th century
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Blood Transfusion
First successful blood transfusion was performed on humans by James Blundell -
Elizabeth Blackwell
1st female physician in the USA -
Florence Nightingale
Founder of Modern Nursing. She established sanitized nursing units during the Crimean war, opened a hospital and nursing school, And began the professional education of nurses. -
American Red Cross
International Red Cross was founded -
Wilhelm Roentgen
Discovered X-Rays -
Average lifespan
The average life span of someone in the 19th century was 40-60 years -
Period: to
20th Century
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Sir Alexander Fleming
Discovered Penicillin -
Open Heart Surgery
The first open heart surgery was performed -
Transplants
Now able to transplant, kidneys, livers, and lungs -
CAT Scan
Computerized axial Tomography was developed -
Test Tube Baby
The first baby made from a test tube was born, Louise Brown -
Average Life Span
The average Life span of someone living in the 20th century is 60-70 years
