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Evil spirits -
-Exorcism
-prayer and divine
-bloodletting -
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Health Records: Egyptians were earliest to use health records
Who are physicians: Priests were used as physicians
How did they heal: They used: medicines, splinting fractures, bloodletting and use of leeches -
-Development of acupuncture: Chinese were the first to use primitive acupuncture. It was used to treat illness and disease. Even today, we use acupuncture -
Illness cause Nature vs.Spiritual: Greeks kept records and proved that illness was caused naturally than spiritually.
Dissection: A process of taking sometime apart
Hippocrates: They were, “the father of medicine” They found medicine, and wrote the “Oath of Hippocrates” which we still use today. -
-Sanitation Systems: The Roman’s learned from the Greeks are created water filters and sewers.
-Organize medical care: The Romans sent medical equipment and physicians with their armies.
-Hospital development: Physicians kept a room for their patients in their house which started hospitals. -
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The reason why people stopped studying medicine was because of the Roman Empire was conquered by the Huns. The church believed life and death all depended on God, so instead, prayer was treatment in 0700AD -
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Many epidemics broke out in the Middle Ages, and caused millions of deaths. Some of those diseases were: Bubonic Plunge, smallpox, diphtheria, syphilis, and tuberculosis. -
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Universities: People built universities for research.
Dissection: People finally accepted dissection for studying the body
Books: Printing press helped allow more access to knowledge from studies -
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He studied the anatomy of the human body -
This man discovered the Fallopian tubes in the women’s body. -
Bartolommeo Eustachio Discovered the tube between the ear to the throat -
He was able to explain/figure out blood circulation and how the heart pumped -
He invented the microscope. He also was able to prove that some bacteria caused teeth to rot. -
Apothecaries were sort of like, early pharmacies. They traded medicines from the east. -
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Along with his many discoveries, he found out that colds can be passed from person to person -
In the 18th century, there were more opportunities for people to learn about medicine. They were even able to dissect and observe diseases after a patient died. -
He discovered the element, oxygen. He also found out plants released oxygen which could be used for respiration. -
Edward Jenner discovered a vaccine for Smallpox. His discovery saved countless of lives during the epidemics. -
He invented the stethoscope. The first model was made of wood. -
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He discovered the childbed fever, and why/how the women got infected after birth. He found out washing hands could help stop spreading diseases -
Florence Nightingale was a lady who was a nurse during the war. She was known for dedication for nursing there. After the war, she created a clean hospital ward, and came up with effective training for nurses. -
He discovered microorganisms, and a vaccine for rabies -
He and one of his parters found out that sick plants can transfer their illness to healthy plants. -
Joseph Lister used the idea that infections spread by microorganisms, so he used carbolic acid for a antiseptic during surgery. He was the first doctor to use a antiseptic. -
He put together Lister’s, and Pasteur’s research, and was able to create the beginning of asepsis during surgery. -
He discovered lots of organisms that caused diseases. He found out how to tell pathogens apart. Robert Koch also encouraged sanitation and cleanness. -
Paul Ehrlich studied how medicine affected disease causing microorganisms. He brought chemicals to fight illnesses as well. -
Wilhelm discovered x-rays in 1895. His discovery let doctors see inside patients and what was wrong. -
Anesthesia is a treatment for patients to help them not feel pain by putting them in a deep sleep. Many patients before the 19th century died from shock and pain. Anesthesia was discovered by William T.G. Morton. -
Sir Alexander Fleming Discovered one of the most important in the century. He discovered penicillin killed life-threatening diseases. It could cure pneumonia, blood poisoning, and gonorrhea. -
Sigmund Freud discovered the conscious and unconscious part of the mind. He put it together and he understood psychosomatic illness. His studies were the basis of psychology -
He discovered sulfonamide compounds. They were more effective at killing bacteria. They were eventually used to cure deadly diseases. -
He discovered dead polio virus could cause immunity to another disease and was able to create a vaccine for polio -
With the help of Jonas Salk, he was able to create a better vaccine for polio. Which we still use today for babies. -
They discovered the molecular structure of DNA. With that, they were able to explain hereditary information on the DNA. -
He was able to do the first success heart transplant. -
He was able to do surgeries on the brain to stop seizures. -
-Digitalis:It is used to strengthen and slow the heart. In the past, people used to chew these leaves
-Quinine:It is used for fevers, relieving muscle spasms, and preventing malaria.
Belladonna and atropine:They can relieve muscle spasms, especially gastrointestinal pain.
-Morphine: They are used to treat serve pain. It is only used as last resort because it is very addicting.