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Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE
Primitive Time
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3900 BCE
Important Medicines still used today
Both Morphine and digitalis are medicines still used today -
3800 BCE
Believed disease was caused by
Supernatural spirits and demons -
3700 BCE
Average life span
20 years -
Period: 3000 BCE to 300 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
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2900 BCE
How do they heal?
Believed the gods would heal them -
2800 BCE
Who are physicians? Who was the 1st?
Priests that studied medicine were the physicians. Imhotep was the 1st. -
2700 BCE
Average life span
20 to 30 years -
Period: 1700 BCE to 220
Ancient Chinese
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1600 BCE
Dissection (Beliefs and Result)
Religions did not allow/believe in dissections. This resulted in a lack of knowledge about body structure. -
1500 BCE
Importance of the Whole body
They believed you had to cure the spirit and nourish the body to treat the whole body -
1400 BCE
Average life span
20 to 30 years -
Period: 1200 BCE to 200 BCE
Ancient Greeks
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Period: 753 BCE to 410
Ancient Romans
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460 BCE
Hippocrates
He is known as the father of medicine because: discovered a way to observe a human body, kept track of signs and symptoms of diseases, and created the Oath of Hippocrates (standard of ethics, still used.) -
384 BCE
Aristotle
Known as the founder of comparative anatomy, he dissected animals. -
370 BCE
Average life span
25 to 35 years -
200 BCE
Sanitation System
They built things to make the city cleaner; built aqueducts to bring clean water, built sewers to move away waste, filtered public baths, and drains marshes all to prevent diseases. -
100 BCE
Hospitals
First, they were rooms in the physician home; then they moved to monasteries and convents, when they became religious and charitable. -
300
Average life span
25 to 35 years -
400
Prohibited study of medicine, why?
There main focus was saving the soul -
Period: 400 to 800
Dark Age
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500
How do they treat disease?
Prayer and divine intervention -
600
Average life span
20 to 30 years -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle Age
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850
Medical Universities
In the 9th century physicians shared and gained knowledge at medical universities -
900
Pandemic
Around 3/4 of Europe and Asia’s population died from the bubonic plague. -
910
Rhazes
Known as the Arab Hippocrates he: diagnosed using observations and symptoms of diseases, found a way to distinguish smallpox from measles, suggested many infectious disease were caused by blood, and set a precedent for using animal guts for suture material. -
1000
Average life span
20 to 35 years -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
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1401
Rebirth
People started exploring the science of medicine again -
1425
Dissection
Dissection of the body gave people a better representation of anatomy and physiology. -
1450
Artists
Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci drew a more realistic representation of the human body -
1475
Average life span
30 to 40 years -
1501
Cause of Disease
Still unknown -
Period: 1501 to
16th Century
-
1510
Father of Modern surgery
Ambroise Pare, a French surgeon -
1523
Gabriel fallopius
Identified the Fallopian tubes, explained the tympanic membrane of the ear. -
Average life span
35 to 45 years -
Period: to
17th century
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William Harvey
Explained the circulation of blood in and out of the heart, 1628 -
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Invented the microscope -
Apothecaries
An early pharmacists who: made, prescribed, and sold medications. -
Average life span
35 to 45 years -
Period: to
18th Century
-
Gabriel Fahrenheit
Invented the first mercury thermometer -
James Lind
To prevent scurvy he suggested lime juice (contains vitamin C) -
Edward Jenner
Made a smallpox vaccine -
Average life span
40 to 50 years -
Period: to
19th Century
-
Blood transfusion
Preformed by James Blundell, the first successful blood transfusion on humans. -
Elizabeth Blackwell
United States, first female physician -
Florence Nightingale
Known as the founder of modern nursing, she: made fast and clean nursing units at the time of the Crimean war, founded Nightingale School and Home for Nurses, in London, and started professional education of nurses. -
American Red Cross
Founded by Clara Barton -
Wilhelm Roentgen
Found roentgenograms/X-rays -
Average life span
40 to 60 years -
Period: to
20th Century
-
Sir Alexander Fleming
Identified penicillin -
Open heart surgery
An open-heart surgery was performed by the first heart-lung machine -
Transplants
- Done by Tomas Starzl, the first successful liver transplant in 1963
- Done by James Hardy, the first successful lung transplant in 1964
- Done by Christian Barnard, the first successful heart transplant in 1968
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CAT Scan
Made in 1975, the Computerized axial tomography scan/CAT scan -
Test tube baby
Louise Brown, born in England, was the first “test tube” baby. -
Average life span
60 to 70 years
