-
Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE
Early beginnings
-
3900 BCE
Disease caused by
Spirits -
3600 BCE
Treatments for the sick
Blood letting
Exorcism
Prayer -
3100 BCE
Medicines used today
Foxglove plant given to you through vein, pill, or injected.
Quinine to control fever and relive pain.
Belladonna and atropine made from poisonous plant relives pain
Morphine for pain -
Period: 2999 BCE to 399
Ancient times
-
2900 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
Kept health records
Asked god to heal
Identified diseases
Priests were physicians -
1900 BCE
Ancient Chinese
First to use primitive acupuncture therapies
Practices are advanced and still used today -
900 BCE
Ancient Greek
Medicine was an art
Physicians housed in sacred temple
Determined illnesses to be natural or spiritual
Kept records
The did not dissect bodies
Hippocrates (father of medicine) knows facts from observing the body -
100
Ancient Roman’s
First to organize medical care
Cared for wounded soldiers with equipment
Physicians kept ill in a specific room in their house (beginning of hospitals)
Pubic buildings for the ill
Physicians were paid
Wore death masks -
Period: 400 to 800
Dark age
-
500
Stopping the study of medicine
Getting conquered by Huns caused the Roman Empire to stop studying medicine for 1,000 years
Believed life and death were in gods hands -
700
Treat diseases
Prayer
Herbal mixtures
Watched/protected the sick -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle age
-
1100
Epidemics
Bubonic Plague killed 60 million people
Smallpox, diphtheria, syphilis, and tuberculosis were uncontrollable because of no vaccines -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
-
1450
Rebirth
New scientific progress began
University’s and medical schools became forming
Started dissecting the body
Publishing books for learning -
Period: 1501 to
16th and 17th centuries
-
1515
Leonardo da Vinci
Studied and recorded anatomy of the body -
1550
Gabriele Fallopius
Discovered fallopius tubes in female anatomy -
1563
Bartolommeo Eustachio
Discovered the tube leading from ear to throat (eustachian tube) -
William Harvey
Learned about physiology
Described the circulation if blood and the pumping heart -
Antonie von Leeuwenhoek
Invented microscope
Discovered small cells
Learned about tooth decay -
Apothecaries
Started in medieval England
Traded for drugs and spices from the east -
Period: to
18th century
-
Benjamin franklin
Discovered bifocals
realized colds can be contagious -
Medical students learning
Had lectures and labs
Observed patents at bedside
Dissected dead bodies -
Joseph Priestley
Discovered the element oxygen
Discovered respiration from plants -
Edward Jenner
Discovered vaccination for smallpox
Immunization and preventive medicine to public health -
Rene laennec
Invented stethoscope -
Period: to
19th and 20th centuries
-
Ignaz Semmelweis
Identified the cause of puerperal fever
Labor and delivery nurses started washing their hands -
Florence Nightingale
Cared for soldiers dying from cholera -
Louis Pasteur
Descivered tiny microorganisms
Proved microorganisms cause disease -
Dmitri Ivanovski
Discover that some diseases are caused by microorganisms and cannot be seen with a microscope -
Joseph lister
First doctor to use antiseptic during surgery -
Ernst von Bergmann
Developed asepsis -
Robert Koch
Developed culture plate ethic
Introduced importance of being clean -
Paul Ehrlich
Discovered effect of medicine on disease causing microorganisms -
Wilhelm roentgen
Discovered x rays -
Anesthesia
Before the invention, doctors used herbs and alcohol of made then unconscious -
Sir Alexander Felming
Discovered penicillin -
Sigmund Freud
Discovered conscious and unconscious parts of the brain -
Gerhard Domagk
Discovered sulfonamide compounds -
Jonas Salk
Discovered that dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis -
Albert Sabin
Used live polio virus which worked better -
Francis crick and James Watson
Discovered the molecular structure of DNA -
Christian Barnard
Performed the first successful heart transplant -
Ben Carson
Separated the Siamese twins
Performed hemispherectomies -
Period: to
21st century
-
Telemedicine
Consultative, diagnostic, and treatment services -
Transplants
People can transplant organs from donor to recipient -
Noninvasive techniques
Helps lower the risk of infection because the doctors don’t penetrate the skin for diagnosis -
Ultrasounds
Helps care for the unborn -
Use of portable and handheld computers
Helps aid diagnosis, accurate record keeping and research