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Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE
Early beginnings
-
3900 BCE
Disease caused by
Evil spirits -
3600 BCE
Treatments for the sick
Blood letting
Exercise
Prayer and Devine intervention -
3100 BCE
Medicines used today
Digitalis- helps heart
Quinine- controls fever, relieves muscles spasms, prevents malaria
Belladonna and atropine- relieves muscle spasms
Morphine- pain killer -
Period: 2999 BCE to 399
Ancient times
-
2900 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
Health records- first people to keep accurate health records
Who are physicians- the priests
How did they heal- use medicine to heal disease, splinting fractures, bloodletting or leaches -
1900 BCE
Ancient Chinese
Development of acupuncture- pioneers used stone tools -
900 BCE
Ancient Greek
Illness cause nature vs. spiritual- First to study cause of disease and determine illness may have natural rather than spiritual causes
Dissection- religious custom did not allow bodies to be dissected
Hippocrates- wrote the standard of ethics called oath of Hippocrates -
100 BCE
Ancient Roman’s
Sanitation system- developed sanitation system brought clean water into cities and built sewers and baths
Organize medical care- first to organize medical care sent medical physicians and equipment with there armies
Hospital development- Roman physicians started an ill room which led to hospitals -
Period: 400 to 800
Dark age
-
500
Stopped the study of medicine why?
The Romans Empire was conquered by the Huns stopped the study of medicine for 1,000 years -
700
How do they treat disease?
Convents and monasteries
Primary treatment was prayer, herbal mixtures -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle age
-
1100
Epidemics
Terrible epidemics caused millions of dealths -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
-
1450
Rebirth?
Universities- building universities and medical schools for research
Dissection- accepted for study
Books- development of the printing press and publishing of books -
Period: 1501 to
16th and 17th centuries
-
1515
Leonardo da Vinci
Studied the anatomy of the body -
1550
Gabriele Fallopius
Discovered the Fallopian tubes -
1563
Bartolommeo Eustachio
Discovered tube leading ear to throat -
William Harvey
Able to describe cumulative of blood and the pumping of the heart -
Antonie von Leeuwenhoek
Invented microscope -
Apothecaries
Started at this time in medieval England -
Period: to
18th century
-
Benjamin franklin
Discovered bifocals and that colds can be passed person to person -
Medical students learning
Started doing lectures and observing patients at bedside dissected bodies toobserve disease process -
Joseph Priestley
Discovered the element of oxygen and that plants refresh air -
Edward Jenner
Discovered vaccination for small pox -
Rene Laennec
Invented stethoscope -
Period: to
19th and 20th centuries
-
Ignaz Semmelweis
Found cause of childbed fever made hand washing important -
Florence Nightingale
Cared for the ill took a group of 38 woman to help people in the war -
Louis Pasteur
Father of microbiology
Heating milk kills bacteria -
Dmitri Ivanovski
Discovered some diseases were caused by microorganisms called viruses -
Joseph Lister
Learned about Pasteur
Discovered microorganism cause infection
Used carboholic acid on wounds to kill germs
First doctor to use antiseptic during surgery -
Ernst von Bergmann
Devolved asepsis -
Robert Koch
Developed culture plate method
Introduced importance of cleanliness
Discovered many disease causing organisms -
Paul Ehrlich
Discovered effect of medicine on disease causing microorganisms
Found a cure for syphilis -
Wilhelm Roentgen
Discovered x-rays -
Anesthesia
Used herbs and hashish and achohol to help pain
Choked patients to stop pain -
Sir Alexander Fleming
Found that penicillin killed life threading eating bacteria -
Sigmund Freud
Found the conscious and unconscious parts of the brain
Determined mine and body work together -
Gerhard Domagk
Discovered sulfonmide compounds
First medification effective in killing bacteria -
Jonas Salk
Discovered the dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis -
Albert Sabin
Used a live polio vaccine -
Francis Crick and James Watson
Discovered the molecular structure of DNA -
Christian Barnard
First successful heart transplant -
Ben Carson
Separated Siamese twins
And survives to stop brain seizures -
Period: to
21st century
-
Important 21st century
Telemedicine- Using electronic communications to exchange medical information
The ability to reattach severed body parts
Advancements in caring for unborn fetuses
Ability to transplant organs from a donor to recipient
Possibility of getting rid of a disability threw genetic research