History of Health care

By averyrasmussen
  • 4000 BCE

    causes of death/treatment 4000-3000bc

    Illness and diseases were ¨caused by evil spirits¨
    They where a punishment from the gods
    Herbs and plants were used as medicine
    They would surgically remove pieces of bone from the scull
    The average lifespan was 20 years
  • 3000 BCE

    Ancient Egyptians 3000-300bc

    Physicians were priests
    health records were first recorded by Egyptians
    Bloodletting and leeches were used as treatment
    Average life span was 20/30 years
  • 1700 BCE

    Ancient Chinese 1700ac-ad220

    Treated whole body with spiritual cures
    Mainly use of herbs
    Practiced acupuncture
    began to search for medical reasons for illness
    Average life span was 20/30 years
  • 1200 BCE

    Ancient Greeks1200bc-200bc

    Hippocrates, father of medicine, and other physicians were fist to observe the human body
    Believed illness was a result of natural causes
    Used therapies such as massage, art therapy, and herbal treatment
    stressed diet, hygiene, and exercise were ways to prevent disease

    Average life span 25/35 years
  • 753 BCE

    Ancient Romans 753bc-ad410

    First to organize medical care for injured soldiers
    later hospitals were religious
    first public health and sanitation systems by building sewers and aqueducts
    Galen established belief that the body was regulated by four body humors: blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile
    Average life span was 25/35 years
  • 400 BCE

    Dark ages ad400-ad800

    Emphasis on saving the soul and study of medicine was prohibited
    Prayer/divine intervention were used to treat illness and diseases
    Monks/priests provide custodial care for sick people
    Meds were mainly herbal mixes
    Disease cause still blamed on circumstance, but no understanding
    Average life span was 25/35 years
  • 800

    Middle ages ad800-ad1400

    Renewed interest in medical practices of greek/romans
    1100:arabs began requiring physicians pass examinations and obtain licenses
    1346-1353: bubonic Plague killed 75% of population in Europe/Asia
    Major diseases like the smallpox, diphtheria, tuberculosis, typhoid, the plaque, and malaria
    1220-1255: medical universities were established
    Average life span was 20-35 years
  • 1350

    Renaissance ad1350-ad1650

    Rebirth Science of Medicine
    Body dissections led to increased understanding of anatomy/physiology
    1440: invention of printing press allowed medical knowledge to be shared
    1543: first anatomy book was published by Andreas Vesalius 1514-1564
    Disease cause still mystery
    Average life span was 30-40 years
  • 1500

    16th and 17th centuries

    Knowledge regarding the human body greatly increased
    1500s: ambroise Pare, a French surgeon, known as the Father of Modern Surgery established use of ligatures to stop bleeding
    1600s: Apothecaries (early pharmacists) made prescribed and sold meds
    1670: Invention of microscope
    Allowed physicians to see disease causing organisms
    Average life span 35-45 years
    Cause of disease still not known, many people died from infections

  • 18th century

    1714: gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) created the first mercury thermometer
    1760: benjamin franklin invented bifocals
    1778: john hunter established scientific surgical procedures and introduced tube feeding
    1798: smallpox vaccine discovered
    Average life span 40-50 years

  • 19th century

    Rapid advancements due to discoveries of microorganisms, anesthesia, and vaccinations
    1895: x-ray machine developed
    1893: 1st open heart surgery
    Infection control developed once microorganisms were associated with disease
    1816: invention of the stethoscope
    1860: formal training for nurses began
    Women became active participants in health care
    Average life span 40-60 years

  • 20th century

    1901: ABO blood groups discovered
    found out how white blood cells protect against disease/new medications were developed
    1922: insulin discovered and used to treat diabetes
    1928: antibiotics developed to fight infections (penicillin)
    new machines developed
    1943: kidney dialysis machine
    1953: heart lung machine
    surgical and diagnostic techniques developed to cure once fatal conditions
    1953: structure of DNA discovered and research in gene therapy begins

  • 20th-21st

    1910: laparoscopic surgery/minimal invasive surgery
    1970’s: targeted cancer therapies
    interfere with the spread of cancer by blocking cells involved in tumor growth
    identify and kill the cancer cells
    1990: smoke free laws
    decrease in 2nd hand smoke
    1996: advances in HIV medication
    turned death sentence disease into a manageable chronic disease normal life span
    1999: rapid advances in stem cell research
    recreate lost/damaged tissue

  • 21st century

    2001: the first totally implantable artificial heart was placed in a patient in louisville, ky
    2003: human genome project completed
    mapped out human diseases in an effort to get an handle on genetic and autoimmune diseases
    2005: face transplants vaccines
    2006: HPV (human papillomavirus vaccine)prevent cervical cancer
    2015: malaria
    2015: ebola