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Benjamin Thompson (Count Rumford)
An American-born British physicist and inventor who was the first to label nutrition as a science in the late 1800's. Rumford Kitchen at the Chicago World's Fair of 1893 was named after him. He also invented the first range with temperature controls.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Thompson -
Catharine Beecher
An American author and educator who shaped a conservative ideological to elevate women's place in America. She wrote "A Treatise on Domestic Economy" in 1841, which was the first FACS textbook recognized by the Department of Education.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Catharine-Beecher -
Ellen Richards
Richards was a powerful leader, an MT graduate, and chemistry faculty member, who specialized in water pollution and FACS. She was a firm believer that science could be used to improve health and well-being of people. She was very important in getting policies and legislation passed. She started things like product standards and testing. -
W.O. Atwater
Wilbur Olin Atwater was an American scientists who developed agriculture chemistry and nutrition science. He is considered to be the "Father of Nutrition". He had a PhD in Chemistry at Yale University and invented the Bomb Calorimeter. -
Land Grant University
Land Grant Universities are American institutions of higher learning that were established under the Morrill Act of 1862.
Examples of Land Grant Universities:
Purdue University in Indiana
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Ohio State University
University of Illinois
University of Wisconsin
(In Arkansas)
University of Arkansas
University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff
https://www.britannica.com/topic/land-grant-university -
Justin Smith Morrill / Morrill Act of 1862
The Morrill Act was sponsored by Vermont Congressman Justin Morrill and was signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln. This Act provided each state with 30,000 acres of Federal land for each member in their Congressional delegation.
https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/morrill.html -
Martha Rensselar
A professor at Cornell University that developed Cooperative Extension Service Programs there in 1900. She was the President of AAFCS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martha_Van_Rensselaer -
Caroline Hunt
An author, chemist, and professor that received a B.S. degree in chemistry from Northwestern in 1888 and conducted two important studies of immigrant and ethnic populations in Chicago. She collected dietary histories and social & economic information, and her study was published by governmental departments.
https://digital.janeaddams.ramapo.edu/items/show/1933 -
The Rumford Kitchen 1894 Chicago World's Fair
Organized by Ellen Richards and named after Count Rumford, the Rumford Kitchen was showcased the Department of Hygiene and Sanitation and sold nutritious lunches. Food preparation was demonstrated and pricing and nutritious labels were displayed.
https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/facs-history-of-family-consumer-sciences-timeline -
Smith-Lever Act of 1914
created the Cooperative Extension Services including FACS -
Smith-Hughes Act of 1917
established FACS as part of Vocational (CTE) Education -
American Dietetics Association
ADA was founded by 58 people who saw the need for persons educated in the science of nutrition and trained in the art of feeding people. The first president was Lulu C. Graves and was dedicated to helping the government conserve food and improve the public's health and nutrition during World War I. This association is now known as the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND), which is the world's largest organization of food and nutrition professionals. -
National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy
The founding meeting for the National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy is held at the Consolation House in Clifton Springs, New York.
http://www.otcentennial.org/events/1910 -
Mississippi School of Occupational Therapy
Mississippi School of Occupational Therapy is the first school to offer Occupational Therapy classes to African Americans. Although, courses are discontinued in 1939 because of Louisiana state's separation laws requiring separate education departments for African American students, which is where the school was relocated.
http://www.otcentennial.org/events/1920 -
Vocational Education Act of 1963
enacted by congress to offer new and expanded vocational education programs to bring job training into harmony with the industrial, economic, and social realities of today and tomorrow
https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED019402 -
Vocational Amendment of 1968
extends the work of the 1963 amendment but instead of focusing on occupations, it shifts to people
https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED039352#:~:text=The%20Vocational%20Education%20Amendments%20of%201968%20extend%20the,procedures%20and%20an%20annual%20and%205-year%20program%20plan. -
Vocational Amendment of 1973
A Rehabilitation Act was put into place in order to correct the problem of discrimination against people with disabilities in the United States.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocational_Rehabilitation_Act_of_1973 -
Vocational Amendment of 1976
The last major amendments to the VEA addressed several issues that included sex discrimination and bias in vocational education.
https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED159450.pdf -
Carl Perkins Act
Carl Perkins Career and Technical Education Improvement Act was authorized in 1984. The acts purpose is to provide with the academic and technical skills needed to succeed in a knowledge and skills based economy.
https://education.alaska.gov/cte/carlperkins -
New Name for the Profession
American Home Economics Association (AHEA) voted to change the name of the profession to Family and Consumer Sciences (FACS) and the association became American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences (AAFCS).
