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400 BCE
Greek Sophists
Advocated for the idea of holistic education -
1100
Pierre Abelard- scholastic method
Students can formulate their own understanding separate from the teacher -
John Amos Comenius
Principles:
1. Age appropriate instruction- grade levels
2. Instruction should begin at infancy
3. Practical Applications necessary
4. Subject matter- levels of learning (chunking simple to complex) -
Joseph Lancaster
- Memorization
- Curriculum development
- Teacher&teacher Assistant/ pupil ratio
- Proficiency Monitoring
- Ability based grouping
- Lead teachers as administrators
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Friedrich Froebel
Developed the concept of Kindergarten
1. social participation
2. Motor skills
3. Free play
4. Imagination and creativity -
School museums
central administrative unit
Materials stored here were regarded as supplementary -
1st catalog of instructional films published
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public school system of rochester NY adopts films for regular instrucitonal use
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the visual instruction movement
media devices used in schools:
lantern slide projectors
stereo graph viewers
motion picture projector More than 20 teacher training institutions -
audiovisual instructional movement begins
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Department of Visual instruciton formed
merger of 3 existing organizations
Parent organization of AECT -
World War II begins
Audiovisual devices used in military and industry.
Reduced training time
increased interest
able to train large numbers from diverse backgrounds -
Post WW II developments and increased media research
several intensive programs of audiovisual research were undertaken -
IBM devlops and design computer assited instruction
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Instructional TV is born
FCC creates educational channels -
Bloom's Taxonomy
behavioral objectives epitomized -
Launch of Sputnik
rapid release of instructional materials created by experts -
PLATO is born
University of Illinois Online software intending to help dissiminate information and to provide a self guided instructional tool. -
Instuctional TV fades in popularity
Reasons for decline:
Poor instructional quality
Ford foundation halts funding
Teacher's resistance
expense of systems
TV can not stnad alone -
Robert Gagne
5 types of learning objectives -
systems apporach to learning
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Countries use systems approach to solve international issues
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Micro computers on the scene
compact enough for desktop use
relatively inexpensive
performs many of the features as large machines -
Media comparison study
Finding: Students learn equally well regardless of how information is presented -
cognitive psychology gains popularity
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Authentic Learning Tasks
Rise of constructivism leads to the popularity of developing "authentic learning tasks." -
impact of computers in classroom decrease
Why? The use of computers was far from innovative. For instance, computers were being used for drill and practice or for teaching computer related skills such as word processing. -
Distance Learning improves
Use of the internet leads to 50% increase in distance learning offered by higher education institutions. -
Google founded
more and more resources stored on the internet leads to a need to manage the resources through search engines -
performance technology broadens the scope
Educational technology now includes incentive systems and work environments in analyses -
Open office debut
Access to open source programs makes common programs available for discounted or free price. -
Facebook founded
An international social network debuted with the sole purpose of connecting schools and their students. -
Simulation based learning
Simulation based technology improves and leads to advancements in not only distance learning but cost effective learning -
EME 5054 Fall course
Introductory level information shared with post grad students on Educational Technology. Focus on Universal Design for Learning introduced to many.
The class aims to provide a shift of Ed Tech from a tool for presenting content to a tool to design, create, and explore knowledge and connect knowledge to instructors and learners. Ed tech will become more of a tool to enable diverse types of learning than a tool to distribute content. -
Class of 2019- Educational Technology
provide access to all types educational experience through open education resources, free simulation and gaming options through apps.
Hopefully Ed Tech will expand access to education for undeveloped or impoverished regions.
Ed Tech will expand to include both 3-d and virtual reality experiences for students that would be too dangerous or expensive to offer students a live experience
we need more tools to manage adaptive and personalized learning;
