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Education in Colonial Periods
Only the larger towns had "Dame Schools" where parents paid a fee for their child to attend. They eliminated British textbooks to create the American Education. -
The Impact of Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson pushed for movement towards tax funded education. He founded higher education opportunities and facilities. -
The Impact of Horace Mann
He believed that each student deserved an equal chance, and that was going to happen through schooling funded through tax dollars. His biggest impacts to actually get movement going came from his reports on the schools. -
The Impact of Noah Webster
"The Schoolmaster of the Republic", Webster created reading, grammar, and spelling books. Webster's motivation was cultural independence from Britain. -
The Great Schools Debate
In New York City, different ministers debated over religion being taught in schools since so many religions were immigrating to the USA. Bishop Hughes created a national Catholic school system. -
Committee of Ten
The Committee of Ten was created to standardize the curriculum taught in public schools. The committee was made up of college presidents/professors. They said vocational training should be after school. -
The Impact of John Dewey
He was “The Father of Progressive Education”. Pointed out that the focus of school should be the whole student, and that students learn by doing. -
The Gary Plan
Schools in Gary, Indiana kept their curriculum focused on "Work, Study, and Play". The schools had swimming pools, ponds, fields, gyms, and zoos that the students would use in their learning. -
The Progressive Reform Movement
Moved for children to stop working, and start attending school. The focus was on children’s freedom to develop naturally, that the teacher would be a guide, and that they would become leaders. -
Brown v. Board of Education
MOST IMPORTANT: This case was the ball that got desegregation of education going. The case went to the supreme court, since many African Americans realized that “separate but equal” was not equal at all. Not much happened immediately after the court ruling of desegregation of schools because the courts failed to enforce this decision and see it through.
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Sputnik and NDEA
The launch of Sputnik killed Progressive Education. America was not longer concerned with students getting a job with skills, or really focusing on the whole child. They needed expert mathematicians and scientists. -
The Impact of the Civil Rights Movement
MOST IMPORTANT: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 enacted that desegregated schools would receive increased federal funding and those still segregated would lose federal funding. This trickled into influencing Hispanic, Native American, and (eventually) disabled students.
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The Impact of Lyndon B. Johnson
MOST IMPORTANT: President Lyndon B. Johnson was a previous school teacher himself and valued education in his platform. He enacted The Civil Rights Act of 1964. He left a legacy that education was important and for all.
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Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act (IDEA)
MOST IMPORTANT: Before 1975 students with disabilities went to institutions and they were prohibited by law to go to public school. In 1975 the law was enacted for children with disabilities to be integrated in the least restrict environment. Through inclusion, it showed that people with disabilities also have enormous capabilities.
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No Child Left Behind
MOST IMPORTANT: George W. Bush enacted that all schools should create standards and goals on what children should know and do regarding math and reading. They were tested on these standards and schools were tracked in their test scores to see if they were meeting their goals.
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