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Common Schools Movement
Led by Horace Mann the Common Schools Movement was a push to fund schools with public dollars. This was a start to how public schools are today. Horace Mann felt the school should be free and universal. This provided a statewide curriculum along with free school which was provided by local property tax funds.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KXFdRnQNZfA -
Catherine Brewer
Catherine Brewer was the first woman to graduate from college with a bachelor's degree. She graduated from Wesleyan College in Macon, Georgia. -
Standardized Tests
In 1845 Horace Mann thought students should prove their knowledge on a written test rather than oral tests. The goal of standardized tests was to figure out a teacher's strengths and weaknesses in their methods to improve the children's education and create more equal opportunities. This test was later named the SAT and is determined to see if a student has enough knowledge to go to college.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hd_adnZDvfg -
Massachusetts Compulsory Attendance Act
In 1852 Massachusetts passed an attendance law requiring children ages 6-16 to go to school at least 3 months of the year. In those 3 months, at least 6 weeks had to be consecutive. This showed the transition into the prioritization of school and education. -
Plessy V. Ferguson
Supreme Court ruling that declared segregated schools are not unconstitutional. The case declared segregated laws legal because they felt the 14th Amendment applies to political and civil rights. Not social rights, which would include public schools which ultimately allowed segregated public schools.https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Plessy+V.+Ferguson&&view=detail&mid=8F224A23AA8AA964FBB88F224A23AA8AA964FBB8&&FORM=VRDGAR&ru=%2Fvideos%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DPlessy%2BV.%2BFerguson%26FORM%3DHDRSC6 -
Single Room School Houses
By the early 1900s, single-room schoolhouses started to open up for children of all ages. In this single-room school, it would be one teacher teaching different ages of students all in one room. In the summer the schools would close down so that the kids can work on their family farms full time but reopened in the fall. This was a basic starting step for education and school systems used today while also showing the importance of education was growing
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Brown V. Board of Education
A case where segregation of kids in schools was unconstitutional. By 1950, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People fought segregation laws in public schools by filing lawsuits. Oliver became the most popular against the Board of Education after his daughter was denied entrance to an all-white elementary school. The court's final ruling was that segregated schools are unequal and colored children were treated unfairly.
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Title IX
Title IX allowed women the right to achieve a higher level of education while also getting granted the same rights and privileges as men. It states schools are not allowed to deny services, aids, grants, or any sort of education right based on their sex or skin color.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=64lrws-xrhA -
IDEA
Individual Disability Education Act allows students to get tested and extra help at the school with special education services for free. It is a right for these kids with special disabilities to get educated to the best of their ability with free services.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5RSYEVSJhIg -
No Child Left Behind
A law created by George W. Bush in 2001 for grades K-12 in school. It was a law to help provide better progress and improvement to students of color, a student in poverty, students receiving special education, and students who speak another language and do not understand many languages. This law forced schools to focus on these students through tests and a punishment that would follow if results show no improvement.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0--2nhsDorg