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First compound microscope invented
Hans and Zacharias Janssen constructed the first compound microscope -
Red Blood Cells
The invention of the compound microscope led to more discoveries.
Marcello Malpighi by looking at frog lungs and live fish through the microscope, he observed structures that looked like corpuscles (today we know they are red blood cells) traveling through what we know today are capillaries -
Tree cells
Robert Hooke 1665
Using his microscope, Hooke observed structures that looked like tiny boxes in bark from an oak tree. He called these cells. -
Nuclei in cells
In 1833, Robert Brown discovered the nucleus through observations in orchid cells. Later discovered that nuclei were also found in all other plant cells -
Plant cell theory
Matthias J. Schleiden through observations in plant tissues under the microscope discovered that all plants were composed of “cells” -
Animals and Plants are made up of cells
Theodor Schwann, a friend of Matthias Schleiden, concluded that not only plants but also animals were composed of cells -
Cytosol
Felix Dujardin reported that cells were not empty but contained a clear jelly-like fluid that he called protoplasm (he was working with amoeba) but now we know this as cytosol -
Cell Division
Rudolf Virchow discovered bacteria living in intestines. He also discovered cell division. He is one of the scientists that also proposed that cells come from pre-existing cells -
Cell Membran
Robert Remak discovered cell membrane by developing a method to isolate it from the cell and he proved that it divides cell. -
Cells come from living cells
Rudolph Virchow
The observations of Matthias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann, and Virchow were combined and became the "Cell Theory." According to this theory, cells are the basic unit of life, and all living things are composed of cells derived from previous cells, and life does not appear by spontaneous generation.
Rudolph Virchow concluded that all cells come from other living cells. -
Chromosomes
Walther Fleming stained cells with dyes and he discovered what we call today chromosomes -
DNA -heredity
Oswald T. Avery announced that DNA alone is the substance responsible for heredity -
DNA structure
Francis H. C. Crick and James D. Watson made a model of the DNA molecule and proved that genes determine heredity and determined the chemical structure of DNA
