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Mar 9, 1150
Gothic c.1150-1400
Cimabue
'Maestà (Majesty)'
c.1280- 85 (tempera on panel) The Gothic Art era began in the middle ages, spanning right up until the Renaissance. The works were traditional with ‘rigorous religious conventions that limited the personal creativity of the artist’ (Mac Taggart, 2015) Image: http://www.artyfactory.com/art_appreciation/timelines/images/cimabue.jpg -
Feb 2, 1300
Early Renaissance c.1300-1450
Sandro Botticelli
Primavera (Spring)
1482 (oil on canvas) The Renaissance period saw artists begin to attempt to recreate the human form with realistic and visually correct proportions. The idea was to create works of art as close to real life as possible, as to ‘represent their world’ (Art Encyclopedia 2015). The human body and the bodies of animals were heavily studied. image: http://www.italianrenaissance.org/wp-content/uploads/Botticelli-Primavera.jpg -
Baroque Art c.1600-1700
Carvaggio
Judith beheading Holofernes
1958-9, oil on canvas During the period of Baroque, art was used as a means to communicate religious themes and ideas to the masses. Images were often violent or graphic in nature in order to shock the viewer, allowing them to engage with the works emotionally. (Mac Taggart, 2015) Image: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Caravaggio_Judith_Beheading_Holofernes.jpg -
Neoclassicism c.1765-1850
Jaques Louis David
'Napoleon Crossing the Alps'
1801 (oil on canvas)
'Neoclassicism is characterized by clarity of form, sober colors, shallow space, strong horizontal and verticals that render that subject matter timeless (instead of temporal as in the dynamic Baroque works), and Classical subject matter.' (Gersh-Nesic, 2014) Image: http://content.ngv.vic.gov.au/col-images/medium/EXHI0 -
Realism c.1840-1880
Gustave Courbet
'Apples and a Pomegranate'
1871 (oil on canvas)
‘Realism was a French style of painting that focused on the everyday reality of a subject, warts and all. Realist artists such as Millet and Manet reacted against the heightened emotions of Romanticism. They sought an objective truth that reflected the social realities of the common man in his natural environment’ (Mac Taggart, 2015) Image: http://www.fineart-china.com/upload1/file-admin/images/new16/Gustave%20Courbet-757724.jpg -
Impressionism c.1870-1890
Claude Monet
Bridge over a Pond of Water Lilies,
1899 (oil on canvas) ‘Impressionism is a 19th century artistic movement that swept much of the painting and sculpture styles of the period. It was not just a passing fad but has defined an entirely modern way of expressing one’s artistry that eventually rubbed of in other art forms like literature and photography.’ (Davison, A 2012)
Image: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Bridge_Over_a_Pond_of_Water_Lilies,_Claude_Monet_1 -
Post Impressionism c.1885-1905
Evard Munch
The Scream
1893 (Oil, tempera, pastel and crayon on cardboard) Post Impressionism was not a particular style of painting. It was the collective title given to the works of a few independent artists at the end of the 19th century. The Post Impressionists rebelled against the limitations of Impressionism to develop a range of personal styles that influenced the development of art in the 20th century. Image: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/The_Scream.jpg -
Cubism c.1907-1915
Pablo Picasso
The Weeping Woman
1937 (oil on canvas) Cubism was invented around 1907 in Paris by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. It was the first abstract style of modern art. Cubist paintings ignore the traditions of perspective drawing and show you many views of a subject at one time. The Cubists believed that the traditions of Western art had become exhausted and needed to revitalise their work. Image: http://totallyhistory.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/pablo-picasso-weeping-woman.jpg -
Abstract Art c.1907 onwards
Paul Klee
Ancient Sound, Abstract on Black
1925 (oil on canvas) Abstract Art is a generic term that describes two different methods of abstraction: 'semi abstraction' and 'pure abstraction'. The word 'abstract' means to withdraw part of something in order to consider it separately. Image: http://c300221.r21.cf1.rackcdn.com/ancient-sound-abstract-on-black-1925-oil-on-cardboard-flickr-1342078748_org.jpg -
Dada c.1916-1922
Raoul Hausmann
'Tatlin at Home'
1920 (collage) Dadaism was an ‘anti art’ stance as it was intent on destroying the artistic values of the past. The aim of Dada was to create a climate in which art was alive to the moment and not paralysed by the corrupted traditions of the established order. Dada’s weapons in the war against the art establishment were confrontation and provocation. Image: https://utopiadystopiawwi.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/hausmann-tatlin-at-home-1920.jpg?w=195 -
Surrealism c.1924-1939
Salvador Dali
The Persistence of Memory
1931 (oil on canvas) Surrealism was the positive response to Dada's negativity. Its aim, as outlined in the First Surrealist Manifesto of 1924, was to liberate the artist's imagination by tapping into the unconscious mind to discover a 'superior' reality. To achieve this the Surrealists drew upon the images of dreams and the technique of 'pure psychic automatism'. Image: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/dd/The_Persistence_of_Memory.jpg -
Abstract Expressionism c.1946-1956
Jackson Pollock
Number 8, 1949 (detail)
1949 (oil, enamel, and aluminum paint on canvas) Abstract Expressionism was the first American art style to exert an influence on a global scale. It drew upon the ‘spiritual’ approach of Kandinsky, the 'automatism' of the Surrealists, and a range of dramatic painting techniques. Abstract Expressionism was also known as ‘Action Painting’. Image: http://www.jackson-pollock.org/images/paintings/number-8.jpg -
Pop Art c.1954-1970
Andy Warhol
'Campbell's Soup 1 (Tomato)'
1968 (silkscreen on canvas) Pop Art was the art movement that characterized a sense of optimism during the post war consumer boom of the 1950's and 60's. It coincided with the globalization of pop music and youth culture, personified by Elvis and The Beatles.
Pop Art was brash, colorful, young, fun and hostile to the artistic establishment.
Image: http://www.christies.com/images/pages_content_archive_NEW/2010/Shapazian_Warhol_Soupcan_34.jpg
