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  520 St. Benedict established the first monastery at Monte Cassino, Italy.
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  1066 William invaded and conquered England. He defeated King Harold who was killed at the battle of Hastings. William brought feudalism and culture from France to England.
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  1096 First Crusade began. The Crusaders were armies of Christians from all over Europe who marched to the Holy Land to regain lands captured by the Turks.
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  1147 Second Crusade was launched. This Crusade is generally considered to have been a failure.
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  1189 Third Crusade was one of the more successful. In it King Richard the Lion-Hearted obtained certain privileges for Christians from the Turkish ruler, Saladin.
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  800 Charlemagne was crowned ruler of the Holy Roman Empire.