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Brown vs Board of Education
-Brown V Board of Education was one of the cornerstone of the civil rights movement
- it helped establish “Seperate-but-equal” for education and other services.
-It seperated children in public schools on the basis of race was unconstitutional. -
Emmet Till
-14 year old from Chicago, visiting family in Mississippi
- Accused of whistling at a white woman
- Roy Bryant and Jw Milan kidnap, bent, shot, killed and then threw Emmet’s body in the river.
- Maime Till, Emmits mother had an open casket funeral
- Both men stood trial, and found not guilty
sparks to start the Civil Rights Movement -
Rosa Parks and Bus Boycott
Rosa parks refused to move seats and she is arrested on December 1, 1955.
- Rosa parks refused to give her seat to a white man.
- African Americans refused to ride city buses in Montgomery, Alabama to protest segregated seating. -
SCLC
Testing Brown v Board of Education decision. 9 students were vetted to undergo this test. Airborn 101 escorted. -
Little Rock 9
Testing Brown vs board of education decision. 9 students were vetted to undergo this test. Airborne 101 escorted students to class.
- The following year (1958) all public schools closed.
-August 29, 1959 schools reopened. -
Greensboro 4
Jan 1, 1960 - North Carolina
- 4 college students sat down at a lunch counter at Woolworths to be served. They were refused service. Continued to “Sit-In” and others joined, the protest spread to other towns and forced a change. -
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and Freedom Summer
Youth group of students remained fiercely independent of MLK and SCLC, generating their own projects and strategies. The two organizations worked side by side throughout the early years of the civil rights movement. This group was the second half of the Freedom riders and were a part of the March to Selma. -
Freedom Riders
It was a 2 week bus trip to the deep south to deliberately violate J.C.L. It was organized by CORE. The buses were burned and riders beaten by the KKK. Nov 1, 1961 white and colored signs are removed from bus stations, train stations and lunch counters. -
March on Washington
The march on Washington was to advocate for the civil and economic rights of African American. 250,000 people were in attendance at the Lincoln memorial. MLK was the last to speak, and gave his “I have a dream speech.” 70-80% of marchers were black. It helped to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964 -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The act can not be refused for service. It forbids employers and labor unions to discriminate against any person on grounds of race, color, religion, sex, physical disability or age in job related matters.
- Prohibits discrimination against race, color, religion, national origin, sex, or physical disability. -
March on Selma/Bloody Sunday
600 students March from Selma to Montgomery. Alabama to get the right to vote. They walked 54 miles and were stopped at the bridge.Seen on national television. LBJ order the passage of 1965 voting rights law. 2nd March took place March 21-24 with 25,000 marches including MLK. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
One of the most comprehensive pieces of legislation in US History. Blacks were registering to vote and being elected to public office.