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6500 BCE
Trephination
Trepanning, also known as trepanation, trephination, trephining or making a burr hole (the verb trepan derives from Old French from Medieval Latin trepanum from Greek trypanon, literally "borer, auger") is a surgical intervention in which a hole is drilled or scraped into the human skull. -
Tuskeegee Syphilis Experiment 1932-1972
The study recruited 600 black men, of which 399 were diagnosed with syphilis and 201 were a control group without the disease. The researchers never obtained informed consent from the men and never told the men with syphilis that they were not being treated but were simply being watched until they died and their bodies examined for ravages of the disease. -
The Nuremberg Code 1945-1946
The Nuremberg Code (German: Nürnberger Kodex) is a set of research ethics principles for human experimentation created as a result of the Nuremberg trials at the end of the Second World War.
the code aimed to protect human subjects from enduring the kind of cruelty and exploitation the prisoners endured at concentration camps. -
Tearoom Trade Study
A study of homosexual encounters in public places. This study is an analysis of male-male sexual behaviors in public toilets.
