HENRY 8th Foreign Policy

HENRY'S REIGN

Period: 1509 to 1547

Cathrine of Aragon

Period: 1509 to 1533

Treaty of Etaples Renewed

1510

His father's treaty renewed to restore peace with France (for now), as a young king he may have been craving for more war than he initially got.

Henry invades France for first time (FAIL)

1512

Henry's first attempt to recover his ancestral lands in France. Approximately 11,000 English soldiers were sent to fight the French on land and sea in 1512, but failed.

Second time lucky in France (Battle Of The Spurs)

1513

Gained victory against the French forces in the 'Battle of the Spurs'. The reward of this victory was that England claimed possession of Tournai, a small victory.

James IV Scot' invades- Henry WINS

1513

.due to Henry's absence in Engand, the brother in law, King James IV of Scotland took the oppurtunity to invade England. With only Queen Catherine of Aragon to oversee the English army remaining she decisively defeated the Scots at the Battle of Flodden - 9 September 1513. This battle lead to the death of the scottish king, and this success also satisfied Henry's desires to be a 'Warrior King'.

Louis XII marries Princess Mary (WIN)

1514

Cardinal Wolsey negotiated a peace treaty with France, and on 9 October 1514, at the age of 18, Mary married the 52-year-old King Louis XII of France at Abbeville.

Louis XII Dies (WIN)

1515

Replaced by Francis.

Treaty of Noyon (FAIL)

1516

France and Holy Roman E signed the Peace of Noyon (August 13, 1516), which gave Milan to France and confirmed Naples for Spain. The peace would not endure, however, as local Italian affairs became subordinated to the dynastic struggle between the young heirs.

Treaty of Cambrai

1517

Under the terms of the peace signed in Cambrai, Francis renounced his claims to Italian lands, Artois and Flanders, but retained Burgundy, which Charles V had abandoned. The treaty provided for the return of Dauphin François and Prince Henry, the future Henry II, to France in exchange for a ransom of 2 million écu.
TLDR: Peace between HRE and France.

Treaty of London (WIN)

1518

a non-aggression pact between the major European states. The signatories were Burgundy, France, England, the Holy Roman Empire, the Netherlands, the Papal States and Spain, all of whom agreed not to attack one another and to come to the aid of any that were under attack.

The Feild of The Cloth Of Gold (WIN)

1520

a summit meeting between King Henry VIII of England and King Francis I of France from 7 to 24 June 1520. Held at Balinghem, between Ardres in France and Guînes in the English Pale of Calais, it was a very expensive display of wealth by both kings. Reportedly, Francis won a wrestling match against Henry which angered him.

(secret) Treaty Of Bruges

1521

In 1521 Charles V and Henry VIII signed the Treaty of Bruges in secret against France, and hostilities resumed on the Italian Peninsula.

War With France

1522

English soldiers sacked the countryside around the French town of Boulogne. Reason include the Duke of Albany's return to Scotland, the French invasion of Navarre and Francis's refusal to continue paying Henry his pension.

Battle Of Pavia (WIN)

1525

In 1525 François himself was taken prisoner by Italian troops following the French defeat at the Battle of Pavia.

Treaty of The More

1525

​The Treaty of the More. 30 August 1525
Negotiated by Wolsey England, agreed to give up some territorial claims on France, in return a substantial pension from the French.

Treaty of Amiens

1527

France abandoned England and their alliance just a mere two years after the Treaty of Amiens (1527). This treaty meant that France gave up its ambitions in Italy and it showcased the papacy's dependance on the emperor. This treaty saw the breakdown of England's alliance with fickle ally France.

Sack Of Rome (FAIL)

1527

Emperor Charles V invaded Papal territory leading to him having a lot more control over Italy and the Church.

Peace of Cambrai

1527

agreement ending one phase of the wars between Francis I of France and the Holy Roman Empire.

France and England Defensive Allyance

1532

Defensive alliance between England and France.

Henry break with Rome (WIN)

1533

Henry made the decision to break with Rome. In 1533 he declared that he, not the Pope, was the head of the Church in England. His decision initiated the Reformation of English religion

Anne Boleyn

Period: 1533 to 1536

(Yet another) Italian War

1536

The Italian war of 1536–1538 was a conflict between King Francis I of France and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain. The objective was to achieve control over territories in Northern Italy, in particular the Duchy of Milan.

Jane Symore

Period: 1536 to 1537

Truce of Nice (Francis and Charles peace)

1538

1538 the Truce of Nice saw the declaration of a ten-year truce between Francis I of France and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor // The Pope issued a decree that Henry was no longer King of England. He called upon Catholics to attack him.

Pope's crusade against England

1539

Through the early months of 1539, Henry and his realm faced the prospect of invasion and consequences terrifying to imagine.

Anne Of Cleves

Period: 1540 to 1540

Kathrine Howard

Period: 1540 to 1542

Battle of Solway Moss (WIN)

1542

Henry launched an invasion of Scotland. Already ill, James marched south with his army, to defeat at the Battle of Solway Moss on the Scottish/English Border, on 24 November 1542. Although he himself had not been present at the battle, James suffered a complete nervous collapse.

Treaty of Greenwitch (WIN)

1543

the Scots made peace and agreed to a marriage between the infant Queen Mary and Prince Edward, Henry VIII's heir, which would lead to a union of the kingdoms.

Kathrine Parr

Period: 1543 to 1547

Seige of Boulonge (WIN)

1544

The siege of Boulogne took place between 19 July and 14 September 1544, during the third invasion of France by King Henry VIII of England. Henry was motivated to take Boulogne by the French giving aid to England's enemies in Scotland.

France finally invades Ile of Wight

1545

The event is commemorated by a plaque in Seaview that reads, 'During the last invasion of this country, hundreds of French troops landed on the foreshore nearby. This armed invasion was bloodily defeated and repulsed by local militia 21st July 1545'.

(final) Treaty of Ardres

1546

Henry, left alone but unwilling to return Boulogne to the French, continued to fight until 1546, when the Treaty of Ardres finally restored peace between France and England. The deaths of Francis and Henry in early 1547 left the resolution of the Italian Wars to their successors.