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Period: 400 to Jan 1, 1100
Dark Ages
Study of medical science stopped for over 1000 years.
Medicine was practiced only in monasteries and convents.
Herbal remedies.
Many plagues and epidemics - bubonic, small pox, diptheria, syphilis, tuberculosis -
Period: Jan 1, 1000 to Jan 1, 1492
Medieval
No licensing, so anyone could be a healer.
Medicine dominated by ideas of Galen, ancient Greek physician (fire, water, air, earth/blood, phlegm, yellow and black bile).
When someone fell ill, disease, fraud, and demonic possession were blamed. Used animal parts and magic symbols and amulets to treat.
Few recognized link between hygiene and health.
1000-school of medicine, Italy
1200-strict measures for public hygiene.
1300-dissection of human corpse.
1400-recorded regulations for midwives -
Period: Jan 1, 1100 to Jan 1, 1400
Middle Ages
Study of medical science stopped for over 1000 years.
Medicine was practiced only in monasteries and convents.
Herbal remedies.
Many plagues and epidemics - bubonic, small pox, diptheria, syphilis, tuberculosis -
Jan 1, 1450
Printing Press
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Jan 1, 1492
America
Columbus discovers America -
Period: Jan 1, 1492 to
Renaissance
Rebirth of Science.
Construction of medical schools.
Study of the body by dissection was accepted.
Physician prescribed; apothecary dispensed.
Cautery replaced by ligatures and dressings.
1500-study of human anatomy published
1600-blood circulation described, bacteria discovered.
1700-law requiring license, obstetrics established, vaccine for ssmall pox -
Period: Jan 1, 1500 to
Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries
Vesalius and Da Vinci dissect bodies and made first anatomical drawings.
Harvey- describe blood circulation and heart pumping.
Leeuwenhoek invents first microscope. -
Period: to
Eighteenth Century
Laennec invents stethoscope.
Franklin invents bifocals and colds are contagious. -
United States
United States founded, gain independence -
Small Pox Vaccine
Developed by Edward Jenner. -
George Washington's Death
Some say he died from bloodletting during his last illness. Open vein to let out poisons in body. -
Period: to
Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Joesph Lister, first doctor to use antiseptic during surgery to prevent infection.
Ignans Semmelweiss washes hands before delivering babies, after working with cadavers.
Louis Pasteur, heating milk prevents bacteria growth (pasteurization).
Sigmund Freud, psychology, effects unconcious has on body.
Inject opium, morphine, heroin, cocain(addiction).
Major blood types(O,A,B,AB)
Diagnostic tools-microscopes, thermometer, x-rays -
Underground Railroad
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Ether
First practical anesthetic introduced -
First Female Doctor in US
Elizabeth Blackwell.
Inspired Nightingale to pursue nursing. -
First School of Nursing
Florence Nightingale.
Crimean War.
Made nursing an honorable profession. -
Germ Theory
Introduced by Koch.
Robert Koch, disease causing organisms (anthrax, tuberculosis, cholera). Father of Microbiology. -
American Red Cross
Clara Barton.
"Angel of the Battlefield" -
Rabies Vaccine
Discovered by Pastuer. -
First X-ray
Wilhelm Roentgen.
Allow doctors to see inside the body to diagnose. -
Food And Drug Act passed
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Radium
Isolated by Marie Curie -
First Antibiotic - Penicillin
Alexander Fleming.
Considered most important discover of the 20th Century. -
Great Depression
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Polio Vaccine
Jonas Salk. -
Oral Polio Vaccine
Albert Sabin.
More effective than Salk's vaccine. -
Birth Control
Introduced. -
Heart Transplant
Frist successful heart transplant.
Christian Bernard. -
Vietnam War
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Test Tube Baby
Louise Brown in born. -
AIDS
First recognized by Centers for Disease Control and Preventions -
Gene Therapy
First FDA-approved in US.
Insert genes into cells or tissues to treat diseases, particularlly heredity diseases. -
Period: to
Newer Inventions and Procedures
Advanced Body Imaging - diagnostic and screening medical procedures.
Gene Mapping - mapping genes to specific locations of chromosomes. Helps understand genetic diseases.
Microsurgeries - surgery on minute body structures with microscopes and micromanipulators.
Advances in Scope Surgeries - no need to make a large incision. -
Dolly the Sheep
Tissue cloning.
First mammal to be cloned.
