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Development of the Cell Theory
Robert Hooke was the first to observe cells and later developed the Cell Theory: all living things are composed of cells -
Improved Observational Techniques
Anton van Leeuwenkoek discovered better observational techniques (better microscope lenses) and was able to observe bacteria -
Biogenesis
The hypothesis was created that all living cells are made from already existing cells -
Questions of Spontaneous Generation
Louis Pasteur ignited the thought that a "vital" force is required fo life -
S-Shaped Flask Experiment
Louis Pasteur created the S-Shaped Flask experiment and determined microorganisms can contaminate sterile solutes, however new microbes are not found in the air/broth -
Pasteurization
Discovered that bacteria can be killed by heat exposure (ex. wine) -
Pure Culture Development
Robert Koch developed techniques that isolated cultures using solid media - led to pure cultures -
Early Vaccination Exploration
Pasteur began experimenting and investigating the creation of vaccines -
Anthrax vaccine development
Pasteur (with other scientists) developed the first vaccine for anthrax and rabies -
Penicillin Discovery
Alexander Fleming developed the first antibiotic of penicillin