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480 BCE
Battle of Salamis
The Battle of Salamis, fought in 480 BCE, was the final battle of the Persian Wars. Within The Battle of Salamis the Greeks fought against the Persians in the Gulf of Cornith. During this sea battle the Greeks were able to sink one third of the Persian fleet even though they were outnumbered. The Battle of Salamis is significant because it marked the end of the Persian Wars and the beginning of Athens Golden Age. -
Period: 461 BCE to 429 BCE
The Golden Age
Athens economic success from the Delian League led to the Golden Age of culture. The golden age occurred between 479 and 431 BCE. Pericles was leader of Athens during the Golden Age and he increased democracy, created the most powerful navy, and made Athens beautiful. The Golden Age included columns, classical art, and theater. This culture was important for Athens because they made a powerful navy to protect themselves and made Athens beautiful to attract people to them. -
Period: 431 BCE to 404 BCE
The Peloponnesian War
The Peloponnesian war, fought between Athens and Sparta, occurred through 431 and 404 BC. Pericles brings all of the citizens behind the cities wall for protection. However, Athens suffers a plague which killed 1/3rd of the population including Pericles. Because of the Plague, Sparta wins the war. Since both city-states are weakened by the war, Greece is easily conquered by Phillip the II. The war was important because it led to the conquering of Greece that was not possible before. -
Period: 323 BCE to 31 BCE
Hellenistic Age
Alexander's empire combined the knowledge of four great empires, Greece, Persia, Egypt, and India. This combination of Greek influence with Eastern ideas created Hellenistic culture. Alexandria, Egypt was the most important city for Hellenistic culture and was known for knowledge. Many mathematicians, scientists, and philosophers studied in Alexandria. Hellenistic Art, contrasted from the Golden Age, showed realism. Sculptures were more realistic, emotional, and tended to show movement.
