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250,000 BCE
Stone Tools
The first stone tools ever made with wood and bones. Their main function was for hunting and gathering. -
Period: 250,000 BCE to 10,000 BCE
Paleolithic Era
Era in which was used stone tools for hunting and began the first art/musical manifestations. -
240,000 BCE
Terra Amata
First founded in France, made with branches, wood, stone, and mud.
They considered a workspace, a resting space, and bonfire space. -
16,000 BCE
Structures with mammoth bones
The bone structure was found near the town of Molodova in eastern Ukraine on a site that was first discovered in 1984. It was constructed of 116 large bones including mammoth skulls, jaws, 14 tusks, and leg bones. -
10,000 BCE
Agriculture
They settle the first cities of the ancient world and develop the agriculture skill in which they didn't need to move for food anymore. -
Period: 10,000 BCE to 5500 BCE
Mesolithic Era
It refers to the final period of a hunter-gatherer of the most ancient cultures. -
9600 BCE
Post and Beam construction
Is a building system where strong horizontal elements are held up by strong vertical elements with large spaces between them. -
9000 BCE
Jericho, Palestine
The first ancient city ever discovered, made of mudbrick houses, conical roofs, and a 9 m tower.
They made a defensive wall all around the city and the houses had a uniformly rectangular and circular plan. -
6000 BCE
Irrigation Systems
The first irrigation canals that divided the Mesopotamian city. -
Period: 5500 BCE to 2500 BCE
Neolithic Era
They create the first settlements which brought several consequences as; animal domestication, agriculture, expansion of the population and became more organized. -
4500 BCE
Wheel
The invention of the solid wooden disk wheel falls into the late Neolithic and may be seen in conjunction with other technological advances that gave rise to the early Bronze Age. This implies the passage of several wheel-less millennia even after the invention of agriculture and of pottery, during the Aceramic Neolithic. -
4500 BCE
Carnac Stones
The Carnac stones are an exceptionally dense collection of megalithic sites in Brittany in northwestern France, consisting of stone alignments (rows), dolmens (stone tombs), tumuli (burial mounds) and single menhirs (standing stones). More than 3,000 prehistoric standing stones were hewn from local granite and erected by the pre-Celtic people of Brittany, and form the largest such collection in the world. -
3500 BCE
Writting
Written language, emerge until its invention in Sumer. This early writing consisted of making specific marks in wet clay with a reed implement. -
Period: 3500 BCE to 2370 BCE
Sumerian Empire
Organized in city-states, one of the oldest cities in the world, fierce human civilization, Sumerian language, most important city Ur. -
3400 BCE
Cuneiform Writting
It was invented by the Sumerians. It is distinguished by its wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets, made by means of a blunt reed for a stylus. The name cuneiform itself simply means "wedge-shaped". -
3200 BCE
Newgrange, Ireland
It was characterized for its passage tomb, communal graves for cremated or skeleton remains they founded, it's an expression of reverence for ancestors and a claiming of land. -
3000 BCE
Stonehenge
Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument in Wiltshire, England. It consists of a ring of standing stones, with each standing stone around 13 feet (4.0 m) high, seven feet (2.1 m) wide and weighing around 25 tons. The stones are set within earthworks in the middle of the most dense complex of Neolithic and Bronze Age monuments in England, including several hundred burial mounds. -
2900 BCE
Bronze Tools
Bronze tools, weapons, armor, and building materials such as decorative tiles were harder and more durable than their stone and copper predecessors. With the earliest artifacts so far known coming from the Iranian plateau. -
2900 BCE
Mortise and Tenon
A mortise (or mortice) and tenon joint connects two pieces of wood or of other material. -
Period: 2900 BCE to 2350 BCE
Bronze Age
The Bronze Age is a historical period characterized by the use of bronze and in some areas proto-writing, other early features of urban civilization. -
2584 BCE
The Great Pyramid of Giza, Egypt
Egyptologists believe the pyramid was built as a tomb for the Fourth Dynasty Egyptian pharaoh Khufu (often Hellenized as "Cheops") and was constructed over a 20-year period. Khufu's vizier, Hemiunu (also called Hemon), is believed by some to be the architect of the Great Pyramid -
Period: 2300 BCE to 2100 BCE
Akkadian Empire
It was the first city that ruled Mesopotamia, began with the first alliances and had the most ancient dynasty. -
2100 BCE
Ziggurat at Ur
It was an administrative center and shrine. They were dedicated to God. -
2000 BCE
Arch
An arch is a vertical curved structure that spans an elevated space and may or may not support the weight above it. -
Period: 1895 BCE to 539 BCE
Babylonian Age
It became one of the most powerful cities in the world, also Hammurabi made the Hammurabi Laws (282 laws). -
Period: 1305 BCE to 609 BCE
Assyrian Empire
They create the first iron weapons and chariots, which made them the greatest army in the war. Assur, the capital city. -
706 BCE
Khorsabad City
Was the Assyrian capital in the time of Sargon II of Assyria. The land in the environs of the town was taken under cultivation, and olive groves were planted to increase Assyria's deficient oil-production. -
605 BCE
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World as listed by Hellenic culture, described as a remarkable feat of engineering with an ascending series of tiered gardens containing a wide variety of trees, shrubs, and vines, resembling a large green mountain constructed of mud bricks, and said to have been built in the ancient city of Babylon, near present-day Hillah, Babil province, in Iraq. -
598 BCE
Cyrus the Great
Commonly-known as Cyrus the Great, and also called Cyrus the Elder by the Greeks, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire, the first Persian Empire. Under his rule, the empire embraced all the previous civilized states of the ancient Near East, expanded vastly and eventually conquered most of Western Asia and much of Central Asia. From the Mediterranean Sea and Hellespont in the west to the Indus River in the east, Cyrus the Great created the largest empire the world had yet seen. -
575 BCE
Ishtar Gate
Was the eighth gate to the inner city of Babylon. It was constructed in about 575 BCE by the order of King Nebuchadnezzar II on the north side of the city. It was part of a grand walled processional way leading into the city. The walls were finished in glazed bricks mostly in blue, with animals and deities in low relief at intervals, these also made up of bricks that are molded and colored differently. -
515 BCE
Persepolis
Was the ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire. It was the richest city under the sun. Cyrus the Great who chose the site of Persepolis, but that it was Darius I who built the terrace and the palaces. -
356 BCE
Alexander III of Macedon
Commonly known as Alexander the Great was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia and a member of the Argead dynasty. He spent most of his ruling years on an unprecedented military campaign through Asia and northeast Africa, and by the age of thirty, he had created one of the largest empires of the ancient world, stretching from Greece to northwestern India. He was undefeated in battle and is widely considered one of history's most successful military commanders. -
353 BCE
Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus or Tomb of Mausolus, a satrap in the Persian Empire, and his sister-wife Artemisia II of Caria. The structure was designed by the Greek architects Satyros and Pythius of Priene. Its elevated tomb structure is derived from the tombs of neighbouring Lycia, a territory Mausolus had invaded and annexed circa 360 BC, such as the Nereid Monument. -
Sargon of Akkad I
He was the first ruler of the Akkadian Empire, known for his conquests of the Sumerian city-states.
He was the founder of the "Sargonic" or "Old Akkadian" dynasty, which ruled for about a century. His empire is thought to have included most of Mesopotamia, parts of the Levant, besides incursions into Hurrite and Elamite territory, ruling from his (archaeologically as yet unidentified) capital, Akkad (also Agade). -
Skara Brae, Scotland
Is a stone-built Neolithic settlement, located on the Bay of Skaill on the west coast of Mainland. Consisting of eight clustered houses, it was occupied from roughly 3180 BC to about 2500 BC and is Europe's most complete Neolithic village.
