Global Interaction Timeline (1500-1800)- Jasmine Gulik, Angie Hernandez, Ngoc Duong, Noble Bautista, and Sophia Rainey

Nobles threatened to mutiny against new ruler Taejo.

Period: 1392 to 1395

Korea, Politics, Dissatisfied nobles were still loyal to the Goryeo kings. To shore up his power, Taejo declared himself the founder of the "Kingdom of Great Joseon," and wiped out rebellious members of the old dynasty's clan. This overall had an impact on the social hierarchy and led to culturally important changes (i.e. palaces, artwork, politics).

Factionalism breaks out among officials frequently

Period: 1500 to 1800

Korea, Politics, The frequent conflicts made political and economic organization difficult since officials were occasionally distracted by violent disputes.

General Yi established close relationships with the neighboring Ming dynasty of China

Period: 1500 to 1644

Chinese cultural influences were immensely strong during this period. This led to changes in Choson’s administration (modeled after the Chinese bureaucracy), and Neo-Confucianism was adopted as the ideology of the state and society.

Choson becomes a model Confucian state

Period: 1500 to 1750

Korea, Social Life, The growing influence of Confucianism affected general attitudes toward women, who generally were perceived as subordinate to men with fewer rights than in the past.

Ottomans End Fight with Venetians

1502

Ottoman Empire, Politics, This war reduced the role of Venice as a military power and increased the Ottoman Empire's role as a military power.

Shah Ismail establishes Safavid rule in Iran

1502

Safavid Empire, culture(religion); By creating a land just for the Shi'ites, Shah Ismail allows the religions to grow and complete the growing split between Iran and from its neighboring countries.

Rule of Emperor Zhengde

Period: 1505 to 1521

China, religion: Zhengde was an emperor during the second half of the Ming dynasty. He was very fond of foreigners, especially Muslims. He issued an edict that was anti-pig slaughtering which could be that he was Muslim, and had favoritism towards Islam.

The Choson king Sejong promulgated a phonetic writing system for Korean

1506

The Korean alphabet developed to be one of the simplest and most efficient writing systems in the world, having a long standing cultural impact and easing trade/communications.

Prince of Anhua Rebellion

1510

China, politics: A powerful eunuch, Liu Jin, created lots of tax reforms. The prince of Anhua took this oppourtunity to try ot take over the throne. He did not succeed but the corrupt eunuch also was punished. This could serve a a warning to other furture eunuchs from being to ambitious.

Portuguese embassy to China

1517

China, economic: China had manufacturing skills and a large population which is great for trade. This opens China up to European sea trade.

Egypt and Syria are conquered by Selim I

1517

Ottoman Empire, Politics, This helped show the military tact of the Ottoman Empire and helped lead to its future growth.

Suleiman the Magnificent Became Sultan

1520

Ottoman Empire, Politics, He significantly expanded the Ottoman Empire, which help enlarge its presence as a world power.

Suleiman the Magnificent Conquers Belgrade

1521

Ottoman Empire, Politics, this helped further establish the Ottoman Empire's role as a world power.

The Siege of Belgrade

1521

Ottoman Empire, Politics, After the Ottomans conquered Belgrade it became a base for their operations in Europe, this helped their expansion. It helped prove the Ottoman Empire's military power.

Rule of Emperor Jiajing

Period: 1521 to 1566

China, politics: Jiajing was a Ming emperor. He had a long-lasting reign(45 years) added stability to the dynasty at the time but his neglect of ruling the empire caused many revolts.

The Siege of Rhodes

1522

Ottoman Empire, Politics, the successful siege of Rhodes proved the Ottomans had great military strategy and helped prove the Ottoman Empire's military power.

Babur defeats last sultan of Delhi

1526

Mughal Empire, political; As the founder of the Mughal empire, he helped start the domination of India.

Suleiman the Magnificent Laid Siege to Vienna

1529

Ottoman Empire, Politics, This helped show that the Ottoman Empire had great military capabilities.

Tasmaph I became shah of Safavid empire

1534

Safavid Empire, politics; He restored dynastic power in Safavid empire.

Ivan IV “The Terrible” became Czar (1543-1584)

1543

Russia, politics; Ivan acquired vast amounts of land through ruthless means, creating a centrally controlled government. He began the colonisation of Siberia, a region that helped to turn Russia in later centuries into a global power.

First Portuguese contacts with Japan

1543

Tokugawa Japan, Economy, This opens up Japan to trade with Europeans. This spreads European ideas to Japan and vice versa.

The Siege of Tripoli

1551

The Ottoman Empire, Politics, the siege served as an indicator of Ottoman military power and helped establish the Ottoman Empire as a major power.

Akbar established central administration of the expanding Mughal empire

1556

Mughal Empire, politics; He expanded the empire and pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus. He granted land revenues to military officers and government officials for service.

1556 Shaanxi Earthquake

1556

China, economics: This is the largest earthquake ever recorded and the third deadliest natural disaster in history. Along with approximately 830,000 people dead, up to 60% of the population in some places, its also created new mountains, valleys, reverse river flow, and other major geographical changes occurred. This affected farming and how people traveled. Maps had to be changed a little bit at least.

The End of the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent

1566

Ottoman Empire, Politics, This marked the end of the peak of the Ottoman Empire, after this the empire started to decline. This lead to the rise of other powers.

Rule of Emperor Longqing

Period: 1567 to 1572

China, politics, economics: Longqing was emperor after Jiajing, the emperor who misruled, and he got rid of the corrupt officials and monks. He restored the government and trade with the Europeans.

Birth of Akbar's son

1569

Mughal Empire, politics, culture(religion); This promise the Mughal empire rulers that would have both Hindu and Muslim ancestry, which would help continue conciliation with Hindus and Muslims.

Rule of Emperor Wanli

Period: 1572 to 1620

China, Politics: Wanli ruled during the Ming dynasty. He cut down the number of staff, thus reducing taxes and using that money to reform assessments of officials. He also created other reforms pertaining to land, finance, and military. Later in his reign, he defended China against Mongol and Japanese invasions and also revolts.

Conquest of Tunis

1574

Ottoman Empire, Politics, the Ottoman Empire won over the Spanish. This victory decided that North would be under Muslim rule rather than Spanish Christian rule.

Completion of Wanshou Temple

1577

China, culture(religion); This temple was built to store Buddhist scriptures. It also is the permanent place of worship to the Ming and Qing imperial families. Today this temple is also an art museum, including art from the Shang and Zhou dynasties, and many other early dynasties tallying up to an over 70,000 piece collection.

Compendium of Materia Medica

1578

China, science; This is the most complete book of Chinese medicine and has over 1,800 entries about medical ingredients with pictures. A British historian, Joseph Needham, calls it "undoubtedly the greatest scientific achievement of the Ming"

More than 100,000 Japanese become Christians

1580

Tokugwa Japan, culture(religion), economy; The majority of converts were affected by Catholic missionaries from the Iberian Peninsula. Trade with Europe led to the spread of Christianity, while simultaneously stimulating the economy.

Single Whip Law created

1580

China, economics; This reform simplified the Ming fiscal code. It gave more resonsibility towards the central government and descreased taxes while increasing the tax base. They also changed the currency of taxes from rice to silver, this created a need for silver. With a need for more silver european trade increased.

Reign of Shah Abbas

1587

Safavid Empire, culture, economics; He was the 5th ruler of the Safavid dynasty and focused on the art of the city. He brought in a lot of trade and helped the economy.

Japanese invasion of Korea

1592

Tokugawa Japan and Choson Korea, Politics, This leads to the end of the Ming Dynasty. Also this creates a very rich national identity in Koreans, and a hate towards Japan which is stil existant to this day.

Journey to the West

1592

China, culture; This book is about a monk and companions trying to get Buddhist texts and faces many hardships on the way. This book uses a lot of Chinese folktales, mythology, along with Taoist and Buddhist ideas. This book contains so much of the culture and the beliefs of the time. It is still very well known to this day.

Aristocracy of scholar-officials flourishes (yangban)

Period: 1592 to 1800

Korea, Social Life, The yangban were granted many privileges by the state, including land and stipends, according to their status. They alone were entitled to take civil service examinations and were exempt from military duty. Overall, this new class created a very rigid social class system in Korea, making social development virtually impossible.

Royal capital for Safavid Empire is changed to Isfahan

1598

Safavid Empire, culture; The city was used for imperial mosques. Its palaces were painted with great detail for guests.

Manchu invasions prohibits recovery from the Imjin War

Period: 1598 to 1640

China, Politics, The military costs of defense were such a burden that it hindered the development of other sectors (i.e. no trade, less social organization).

Matteo Ricci allowed to reside in Beijing

1601

China, Politics, Technology: Matteo Ricci is a Catholic who learned Chinese. He adapted Christianity for the Chinese. He also brought the latest European science and technology.

Dutch East India Company starts shipping Chinese Ceramics to Europe

1602

China, Economics; The Dutch India Company is a major shipping company. China has been relatively closed off for the past decades as an exporter. This brings more money to the empire, also with such high demand for ceramics in Europe, creates a larger skilled artisan population.

Tokugawa Ieyasu establishes a new military regime, the Tokugawa Shogunate

1603

Tokugawa Japan, politics, economy; This shogunate created a key administrative establishment, promoting the development of the Japanese economy and the formation of other trading centers.

Reign of Jahangir

1605

Mughal Empire, economics, culture; Jahangir ruled the Mughal empire at its peak, when its trading economy was thriving off of cotton cloth. Because of his parents, he ensured that he and future rulers would have both Muslim and Hindu ancestry.

Construction of the Blue Mosque Begins

1609

Ottoman Empire, Art, The construction of the Blue Mosque helped secure the artistic legacy of the Ottoman Empire. It was built to showcase Ottoman power.

The End of the Anatolian Revolts

1610

Ottoman Empire, Politics, The Sultan lost a great amount of power after the revolts and the Ottoman Empire began to lose its power.

Date Masamune sends his embassy to the Vatican & Mexico City

1613

Tokugawa Japan, culture; These voyages helped spread Christianity to new corners of the globe, ultimately affecting the social and cultural customs (with different interpretations of the same faith).

Japan bans Christianity, charging its adherents with seeking to overthrow true doctrine.

1614

Tokugawa Japan, economics, culture; This widespread ban led to major shifts in social organization and disrupted trade with Europe (the main source of Christian missionaries), ultimately disrupting the economy.

Japanese government begins crucifixion of Christians in earnest

1617

Tokugawa Japan, cultrue; The level of beheadings, crucifixions, and forced recantations nearly destroyed the entire Christian population in Japan. This lead to an extreme cultural and religious shift, as the influence of Christianity was strictly prohibited.

Truce of Deulino

1618

Russia, Politics, This ended the Polish-Russian war. Muscovy ceded the city of Smolensk and the Czernihów Voivodeship to Poland.

Killing of Osman II

1622

Ottoman Empire, Politics, His death in an uprising asserted the power of the Janissaries and led to a change in Ottoman leadership.

Rule of Emperor Chongzhen

Period: 1627 to 1644

China, politics: Chongzhen was the last Ming emperor. The two emperors did not do much and had very little to do with state affairs. His father did not live long and he barely took over the thrown. He was very distrusting because of so few allies in court, causing him to execute dozens leading to an even more unstable government, making it easier for The Qing to take over.

Shah Jahan Becomes Ruler of Mughal empire

1628

Mughal Empire, Politics He is best known for his contributions to the local architecture. He built the Taj Mahal and the Shah Jahan Mosque.

Choson government followed a policy of seclusion

Period: 1640 to 1700

Korea, Politics, After a series of invasions, the Choson government becomes very isolated from international activities, restricting its interaction with Japan largely to ceremonial contacts through the island of Tsushima, and limiting its contact with China to a few tributary missions a year. This overall affected the economy with a lack of trade, and the Korean culture, which had time to develop uniquely without the influence of other nations.

Qing conquest of Beijing

1644

China, politics, science: The Qing conquering Beijing shows the dominance of the Qing, who replace the Ming Dynasty. The Qing include Taiwan in China and they were in a lot of contact with European traders.

Ming General and Manchus Join Forces

1644

China, Political: With the Ming weakened, a general joined with the strong Manchus to take over the Ming Empire. This conquest lasted 40 years. This is the QIng.

Reign of Emperor Shunzi

Period: 1644 to 1661

China, politics, culture: Shunzi was the first emperor of the Qing dynasty. He replicated Chinese styles of ruling and dressing. During his rule is also when the iconic hair cutting edict was issued. This is when men have a head shaved except for a braid.

Little Ice Age

Period: 1645 to 1715

China, Environment, This effects Europe as well as Asia. This affected agriculture and led to famine and spread of disease. This also lead to revolts and uprising fro the people which helped lead to the end of the Ming Dynasty.

Re institution of restrictions on Hindus

1658

Mughal Empire, Religions, Aurangzeb ended Akbar's religious views ending the mixture of Muslim and Hindu traditions.

Rule of Emperor Kangxi

Period: 1662 to 1722

China, art, science: Emporer Kangxi was a fan of European ideas. He ordered the printing of illustrated (this helps educate illiterates) about European medicine.

Beginning of Austro-Turkish War

1663

Ottoman Empire, Politics, The war began to try to stop the Ottoman Empire from gaining new territory (Transylvania). The war involved many major powers against the Ottomans, including the Holy Roman Empire, Hungary, and Croatia.

End of Austro-Turkish War

1664

Ottoman Empire, Politics, While the Ottoman empire did sustain losses, they gained control Transylvania and again proved their militray prowess.

Edo becomes one of the largest cities in the world (nearly 1M inhabitants)

Period: 1670 to 1700

Japan, Politics, The growth of Edo led to the expansion of trade routes (the majority with rice) and more political unity.

The Second Ottoman Siege on Vienna Fails

1683

Ottoman Empire, Politics, This showed the world the Ottoman Empire was weakening and allowed other empires to gain power.

The Battle of Vienna

1683

Ottoman Empire, Politics, This battle hurt the Ottoman Empire because it was a huge failure and led to large losses of troops for the Ottomans.

Peter the Great's Rule (1689-1725)

1689

Russia, Politics, Economically, he increased western technology, had mercantilist policies, and encouraged exporting of goods. This further developed the connections between the English and Russians.

Treaty of Nerchinsk

1689

Russia, Politics, This was a peace settlement between Russia and the Manchu Chinese empire that checked Russia's eastward expansion by removing its outposts from the Amur River basin. The treaty began diplomatic relations on an equal footing and created the border which is now in eastern Mongolia.

Reign of Sultan Husayn

1694

Safavid Empire, Politics, He saw the downfall of the empire because of his little interests in political affairs. The Afghans were able to overthrow his ruling easily.

Battle of Zenta

1697

Ottoman Empire, Politics, It was one of the largest defeats the Ottoman Empire faced. It ended the Ottoman Empire's control of territory in central Europe.

Population growth strains developed lands in Japan

1700

Japan, Economics, The rate of economic growth was high in remote lands, however major trade routes and cities faced economic challenges with sustaining such a large population (slowing commerce and industrial development).

Great Northern War (1700-1721)

1700

Russia, Politics, Sweden was defeated and lost total control of Baltic Sea. This established direct contact between Europe and Russia.

Tokugawa Shogunate is unable to stabilize prices and save the economy

Period: 1700 to 1800

Japan, Politics, Early Tokugawa laws designed to regulate interest and prices were later supplemented by loosely-enforced laws. This led to a heavy dependence on merchant credit, ultimately slowing the spread of commerce and weakening the economy.

Silhak school of learning arises

Period: 1700 to 1792

Korea, Economics, As a monetary economy was burgeoning, a new school of thought arose in an effort to solve administrative problems (dedicated to a practical approach to statecraft, instead of the previously dominant Confucian teachings). This ultimately had long-term effects on land reform, farming, and the abolition of class barriers and slavery

The trial of the Forty-Seven Ronin

1702

Japan, Politics, This event was essentially a sacrificial suicide conducted by a samurai; the ultimate expression of the samurai code of honor-Bushido. Initially, this incident exemplified the ideological and social crisis of Japan's transformation from a military to a civil society. Over time, this tale became engraved in Japanese culture, with festivals, memorials, and countless plays dedicated to this tradition (as samurais are widely seen as powerful figures).

Gurgīn Khān was appointed commander-in-chief

1704

Mughal Empire, Politics,His job was to control the uprisings under the control of Husayn, so he executed and imprisoned many Afghans.

Aurangzeb dies

1707

Mughal Empire, Politics, Mughal power did not long survive because of the the new territories not being integrated into the imperial structure.

Mirwais killed Gurgīn Khān

1709

Safavid Empire, Politics, After he was freed from imprisonment from Husayn, he revolted and killed Gurgīn Khān. This began many uprising that would result in the fall of the Safavid empire.

St. Petersburg built as new capital

1712

Russia, Politics, Built on land captured from Sweden and was a Window of the West which led to westernization of Russian elites and increased western technology.

Tulip Period

Period: 1718 to 1730

Ottoman Empire, Social Life, European styles and trends like tulips became popular. European culture was influential on the culture of the Ottoman Empire. This shows how the empire was starting to be influenced, and wasn't the influencer.

Afgans capture Isfahan and end Safavid rule

1722

Safavid Empire, Politics,The government had become so weak that the Afghans were able to invade. Things like high military costs, inflation, and the decline of overland trade weakened the Safavid empire.

Nizam al-Mulk gave up on the central government of Mughal empire

1723

Mughal Empire, Politics, He established his own independent state and created religious freedom once again.

A period of Ottoman Conservatism Begins

1730

Ottoman Empire, Social Life, The conservative period of the Ottoman Empire proves that the Ottoman Empire was rapidly changing. The rapid change proves the Ottoman Empire wasn't as strong as it once was if its morals and social ideas shifted so easily.

Rule of Emperor Qianlong

Period: 1735 to 1795

China, economics: He closed China's trade with otehr countries unless they traded through Guangzhou. This closes off China from Euopean ideas and being a prt of the world economy.

Reign of Nadir Shah

1736

Safavid Empire, Politics, Nadir rose to power after the overthrowing of Shah Sultan Husayn. He reunited Iran temporarily and had strong military influence.

Nadir Shah invades Mughal capital

1739

Safavid Empire and Mughal Empire, Politics, He was a warlord who had seized power in Iran after the fall of the Safavids and, after invading the capital of the Mughal empire, carried off a priceless symbol of Mughal grandeur to Iran.

Joseph Francios Dupleix took over the presidency of Pondicherry

1741

India, Politics, He began new phase of European involvement in India and used Indian princes as puppets.

Joseph Francois Dupleix took over Pondicherry

1741

Mughal (Politics), After Aurangzeb’s death, the Mughal empire declined through invasions of Europeans.

Joseph Francios Dupplueix's career ended

1754

India, Politics, He was called home and allowed British exploits in India. The French government declined further adventures in India.

Rule of Emperor jiaqing

Period: 1796 to 1820

China, culture, politics; He is most famous for efforts to curb the opium addiction. That opium leads to the opium wars. He also renamed Vietnam from Nam Viet. Which is something that effects most of the world to this day.

Russia takes part in the European coalitions against Revolutionary and Napoleonic France

1798

Russia, Politics, This led to the defeat of Napoleon's invasion in 1812 and contributing to his overthrow.