-
1000 BCE
Sugar Cane
Sugar cane originated in Southeast Asia, but by 1,000 BCE it had reached India and was grown in larger quantities. By the end of the classical era, sugar had become a luxury for most people, used for cooking foods. -
Period: 1000 BCE to 1 BCE
Phoenicians- Egypt
The Phoenicians were people from the ancient civilization of Canaan, covering most of the western, coastal fertile crescent of the Mediterranean.
at times the country was independent, at others it was tributary to Egypt.
They dominated travel and trade and spread their culture across the Mediterranean from 1550-300 B.C.E.
Phoenicians imported/exported many goods at fixed rates including spices, metals, wines, wood, wheats, etc... -
Period: 1000 BCE to 300 BCE
Classical Era
-The Classical Era occurred in 1000-300 B.C.E
This is known as the time period of trade to historians in the Indian ocean due to excessive amounts of trade between countries.
During this era trade skyrocketed among new groups of people. This included the Mauryan Empire of India, the Persian Empire, The Roman Empire, and the Han Dynasty in China. Not only did goods get traded, but also ideas, concepts and religion were co-exchanged as well. -
Period: 751 BCE to 666 BCE
Moroe
From 751until the invasion of Egypt by Assyrians in 666 BCE, kings of Moroë ruled as the Pharaohs of Egypt. Moroë had many components and minerals to make large quantities of iron on a large scale. Technology and trade with Egypt, and the Mediterranean kept Moroë thriving. -
Period: 600 BCE to 300 BCE
Religion spread
Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism, had spread across the bay of Bengal (located in the Northeastern part of the Indian ocean) to Southeast Asia -
Period: 550 BCE to 330
Achaemenid Empire- Persia
An ancient Iranian empire in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great.
-The First Persian Empire
-Spans from 5.5 to 8 million square kilometers
Achaemenid empire built official road systems and postal systems. They developed official civil services and a professional army.
Persians had extensive systems of roads for military and trade transport. Eventually, during the time of King Darius, these roads became known as the Royal Roads. -
541 BCE
Justinian Plague
A plague outbreak carried in 541-542BCE from the Eastern Roman Empire and around the mediterranean. This disease was carried on ocean trade routes stemming from Rats to other empires killing many people -
530 BCE
Cyrus The Great
Cyrus the great- born 590BCE in Media Iran. Died 529 BCE in Asia.
He had 3 other noble family members
-Cambyses I
-Bardiya (son)
-Cambyses II
Cyrus the Great was King of Persia from 550-529BCE and the founder of the Achaemenian Dynasty
Cyrus fought in Greco-Persian wars and Siege of Sardis -
500 BCE
Roman and Greek traders and sailors
The Roman and Greek sailors and traders entered into the industry after 500 BCE. They were sent over by King Daruis I of Persia. The traders traded gold, olive oil, wine, beer, and more -
500 BCE
Roman traders and sailors
Roman traders and sailors joined the industry in 500 B.C.E. The traders were sent by King Darius I of Persia. The traders traded in wine, gold, olive oil, and many other things. -
Period: 431 BCE to 404 BCE
Peloponnesian War
The Peloponnesian war was fought between two leading cities in ancient Greece, Athens, and Sparta. They fought over rival claims to the Delian league for control over the Mediterranean sea.
-During the second part of the war a huge plague broke out called Athenian Plague. This caused many of the Athens to loose alliances in the trade route and the loss of over 200 ships. -
Period: 324 BCE to 185 BCE
Mauryan Empire- India
The Mauryan Empire is considered the classical age of history in ancient India. It was the first empire to encompass most of the Indian subcontinent. “The Mauryan Empires political unity and internal peace encouraged the expansion of trade in India” (khan Academy). Trade included, silk, textiles, and spices. This was due to their culture and religion styling. These religions or new faiths consisted of Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism -
Period: 271 BCE to 232 BCE
Ashoka
Ashoka is known as one of the most famous and strictest Indian emperors. Ashoka put his laws in slab, stone, anything in public space for citizens to know the rules that governed them. He sent religious envoys around the trade route to encourage contact and interactions that would contribute to the trade relations between India and others. Ashoka may have been strict, but good to his people. He helped build roads, hospitals, canals, ports, and more for India and his people. -
202 BCE
Emperor Wudi
Emperor Wudi exerted himself into marine transportation for trade. Wudi invented three trade routes overseas for the Han Dynasty to use. The first route was a costal route starting from today's Dandong in Liaoning Province in the North and ended Guangxi in the south. The second route started on coastal Shandong and used the Yellow sea to trade with Japan and Koreas. Lastly the marine silk road was used. -
202 BCE
Silk
Silk played a major role in the trade scene for thousands of years. Silk was traded by the Chinese to Romans and other groups through the Silk road. Rumor states the invention of making silk cloth dates back to 2696 BC by the wife of the Yellow Emperor, Leizu. -
Period: 202 BCE to 220 BCE
Han Dynasty- China
The Han Dynasty was one of Chinas major dynasties that lasted a span of four centuries.
-considered the Golden age in Chinese history (Arts, politics, and technology)
"All subsequent Chinese dynasties looked back to the Han period as an inspiring model of united empire and self-perpetuating government" (Violatti, 2013). -
141 BCE
Chang Ch'ien
Chang Ch'ien was sent to Central Asia by Wu Ti to make alliances with the west by bringing goods such as cattle, gold, and silk. Ch'ien's journey started a widespread use of the Silk Road for trade. Such goods as metals, vegetables, stones, and even exotic animals into China. In return foreigners recieved spices, jade, iron, silk, ect. Soon silk became the fashion point to all Roman Citizens -
130 BCE
the Silk Road
The Silk road was an ancient trade route used by the Han Dynasty to trade silk to the West. The name silk road comes from the major good traded, silk. The Chinese would trade silk to the Europeans, the Middle East, and India. For exchange the Chinese would receive goods such as extravagant animals, precious stones/minerals, leather, grain and more. Silk became the highest market of trade for the Romans. The Silk road trade exploded after Chang Ch'ien's journey to make alliances for China. -
Period: 33 BCE to 476 BCE
Roman Empire
Roman Empire-
Beginning in 8th century BC Ancient Rome started as a small town in central Italy which grew into a massive empire.
Rome initially became an empire due to Julius Caesar’s rise and fall in first century BC.
Ancient Rome was big on trade and used waterways and roads to do so.
They traded goods such as- metals, cattle, spices, woods, marble, leather, and silk.
By importing goods from other countries the romans raised their standard of living and had many luxuries.
