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Rockefeller Incorporates Standard Oil
Rockefeller's oil company started in Ohio, he's been an active oil business since 1863. The standard oil was first formed as a partnership, it controls the oil market through horizontal integration. -
Ulysses S. Grant Reelected
He was elected for a 2nd term, as the US president. He beat Horace Greeley, the nominee of both the Democratic and Liberal Republican Parties. Greeley died less than a month after the election. -
Panic of 1873
Jay Cooke and Company, a Philadelphia investment bank, triggered a nationwide financial panic that led to a broader economic depression which lasted until 1879. -
Railroad Strike of 1877
Over 100,000 workers were participating in this strike. It was triggered after the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad cut wages for the third time in a year. The strikers would not allow trains to run until the cuts were revoked. By the time the strikes were over, about 1,000 people had gone to jail and some 100 had been killed -
Knights of Labor Strike Railroad
The Knights of Labor joined a strike against the Wabash Railroad, part of Jay Gould's Southwest System, paralyzing the entire system. Gould was forced to make concessions to the Knights, which led to a dramatic boost in their membership. Within a year the Knights of Labor would have more than 700,000 members. -
Andrew Carnegie's "Gospel of Wealth"
Industrialist Andrew Carnegie published an essay entitled "The Gospel of Wealth," which outlined the social responsibilities and social benefits of those that were wealthy. -
Homestead Steel Strike
Henry Frick, Chairman of the Board of Carnegie Steel and plant manager at Carnegie's Homestead steel plant, shut down the factory and locked out their employees when negotiations with representatives from the Amalgamated Association of Steel and Iron Workers broke down. -
Battle at Homestead Steel
Two barges filled with armed Pinkerton Detectives attempted to land at Homestead to guard Carnegie's steel plant. Striking steel workers prevented the barges from landing. During the fourteen-hour battle, seven steel workers and three detectives were killed. -
Henry Frick Survives Attack
Alexander Berkman, a labor activist and anarchist, attempted to assassinate Henry Frick. Despite being stabbed several times in the neck and torso, Frick survived and refused to seek medical treatment until the end of his workday. -
Pullman Strike
Workers employed at the Pullman Company, outside of Chicago, went on strike when the company's owner, George Pullman, refused to reduce rents in the company housing to match announced wage cuts.